g) Holding and Alternate Requirements Flashcards

Question 1

Q

Forecast should cover…

Answer

A

30m before and 60 after ETA - Destination and Alternate

Question 2

Q

Part 91 MOS 8.07 – Destination Alternate Aerodromes – restrictions

Suitability of Alternates

Answer

A

The pilot in command of an aircraft may nominate an aerodrome as a destination
alternate aerodrome only if the aerodrome is:
* a. suitable as a planned destination aerodrome for the flight; and
* b. not itself an aerodrome for which the aircraft would require a destination alternate aerodrome; and
* c. not a helideck

Question 3

Q

AIP ENR 1.1 Para 10.7.3 – Radio Navigation Aids

A destination alternate aerodrome must be planned for an IFR
flight by night to a planned destination aerodrome that is:

Radio

Answer

A

not served by an instrument approach procedure; or
is served by 1 or more instrument approach procedures, none of which the pilot is able to conduct.

Question 4

Q

Night VFR aircraft must provide for a suitable alternate aerodrome within one hour flight time of the destination unless:

Radio

Answer

A

the destination is served by a radio navigation aid (NDB/VOR) and the
aircraft is fitted with the appropriate radio navigation system capable of
using the aid, and the pilot is competent in using the aid,
or
the aircraft is fitted with an approved GNSS, as defined in the relevant
MOS for the kind of operation being conducted), and the pilot is
competent in using the GNSS.

Question 5

Q

AIP ENR 1.1 Para 10.7.2.10 – Weather Conditions

For IFR flights, the alternate minima are as follows:

Radio

Answer

A

For aerodromes with an instrument approach procedure that the pilot is
able to conduct, the alternate minima published on the chart
By day only – for aerodromes without an instrument approach procedure,
or that has an instrument approach procedure but the pilot is unable to
conduct that procedure, the alternate minima is the lowest safe altitude
for the final route segment plus 500FT and a visibility of 8KM

Question 6

Q

AIP ENR 1.1 Para 10.7.3.3 – Radio Navigation Aids

If aircraft navigation is to be conducted using a GNSS receiver certified only to (E)TSO C-129

Radio

Answer

A

navigation to a destination alternate aerodrome must be planned using a navigation system other than GNSS.

Question 7

Q

AIP (ENR) 1.1 - 80 - Radio Navigation Aids

We must provide for an alternate …

Radio Navigation Aids

Answer

A

10.7.3.1 A destination alternate aerodrome must be planned for an IFR
flight by night to a planned destination aerodrome that is:
a) not served by an instrument approach procedure; or
b) is served by 1 or more instrument approach procedures, none of which the pilot is able to conduct.
10.7.3.2 A flight operating under the VFR at night must provide an alternate aerodrome within one (1) hour flight time of the destination unless:
a) the destination is served by a ground based radio navigation aid (NDB/VOR) and the aircraft is fitted with the appropriate radio navigation system capable of using the aid, and the pilot is competent in using the aid, or
b) the aircraft is fitted with an approved GNSS (as defined in the
relevant MOS for the kind of operation being conducted) and
the pilot is competent in using the GNSS.
10.7.3.3 If aircraft navigation is to be conducted using a GNSS receiver
certified only to (E)TSO C-129, navigation to a destination alternate aerodrome must be planned using a navigation system other than GNSS

Question 8

Q

We must provide for an alternate unless destination has a navigational aid and your aircraft is capable of receiving it, except:

Radio

Answer

A

IFR BY DAY: When the destination has no navigational aid, does not require an alternate if not more than SCT cloud below LSALT + 500 feet and 8Km visibility

Question 9

Q

Any TEMPO or INTER deterioration that affect the operation must carry extra fuel amount of…

Answer

A

TEMPO - 60min
INTER - 30min

Question 10

Q

AIP ENR 1.1 Para 10.7.2 – Weather Conditions

Except when operating an aircraft under the VFR by day within 50NM of the point
of departure, the pilot in command must provide for a suitable alternate
aerodrome when arrival at the destination will be during the currency of, or up to
30 minutes prior to the forecast commencement of, the following weather
conditions:

Weather

Answer

A

Provide an Alternate for all weather conditions below:
* Cloud - more than SCT below the alternate minimum or
* Visibility - less than the alternate minimum; or
visibility - greater than the alternate minimum, but with 30% percentage probability of fog, mist, dust or any other phenomenon restricting visibility below the alternate minimum;
* Wind - a crosswind or tailwind component more than the maximum for the aircraft.
* Probability - AD forecast is not available, alternate that has an available forecast and If a TAF has been endorsed with a PROB below the alternate minima, an alternate must be planned
* Storms - ETA during currency or 30 minutes prior:
thunderstorm or associated severe turbulence, or 30% probability of such an event;
When TS or severe turbulence or their probability is forecast at the destination, fuel must be carried to permit the aircraft to proceed to a suitable alternate or to hold for:
a. 30 minutes endorsed INTER; or
b. 60 minutes endorsed TEMPO

Question 11

Q

AIP ENR 1.1 - 77 Weather Conditions

With TS (CB), either TEMPO or INTER or fuel to a suitable ALTERNATE must be carried.
30 min buffers apply either side of a TEMPO or INTER.
Forecast prefixed with FM periods, if the weather is in decline 30 mins before the period.
If the FM period indicates and improvement, then 30 mins after the expiry of the improvement.

Answer

A

From (FM) or Becoming (BECMG) periods start 30 minutes before that
period for planning purposes, when weather is forecast to deteriorate.
From (FM) or Becoming (BECMG) periods finish 30 minutes after that
period for planning purposes, when weather is forecast to improve.

The 30-minute buffers above to not apply to TAF3 forecasts

Question 12

Q

AIP ENR 1.1 Para 10.8.1.1 – Suitability of Aerodromes

When aerodrome lighting is required and PAL is not being used, the pilot in
command or operator must ensure that arrangements have been made for the
lighting to be operating during the following periods:

Lights

Answer

A

departure: 10 minutes before departure to at least 30 minutes after takeoff;
arrival: from at least 30 minutes before ETA to the time landing and taxiing has been completed.

Question 13

Q

Lighting

Lights

Answer

A

Yes ← ← ← Electric
↓…………………………↓ No This alt dont need stdby power/stdby portable
Stby → no → Portable → No → Alternate Required
↓………………………….↓
Yes……………………..Yes
↓………………………….↓ This alt dont need stdby power/stdby portable
PAL → yes → Person → No → Alternate Required
↓………………………….↓ Yes
No → → → Not Required

(10.7.4.2)Stdby Power & (10.7.4.3)PAL - Alternate aerodrome nominated in accordance with the requirements 10.7.4.2/10.7.4.3 need not have standby power or standby portable runway lighting.
10.7.4.4Lighting Systems for Alternate Aerodrome - An AD served by PAL may be nominated as an alternate aerodrome. No requirement for a responsible person to be in attendance, but the acft must have:
a. dual VHF; or
b. single VHF and HF and carries 30 minutes holding fuel to allow for the
alerting of ground staff in the event of a failure of the aircraft’s VHF
communication.
OR
10.7.4.5 Carry fuel to first light +10min

Question 14

Q

AIP ENR 1.5 Para 3.4 – Entry Into the Holding Pattern

Holding Sectors

Answer

A

Sector 1 entry (Parallel Entry)
Sector 2 entry (Offset or Teardrop Entry)
Sector 3 entry (Direct Entry)

Question 15

Q

AIP ENR 1.5 Para 3.3 – Limitations

Holding Limitations

Answer

A

Speed - FL140 - 230kt (170kt CatA/B)
ABV FL140 - 240kt
Above FL200 - 265kt
Outbound timing - abeam fix or outbound heading
Time/Distance outbound - FL140 - 1min - above FL140 -1.5min or limit by DME
Turns - Bank angle 25°, rate 1 , 3°/sec
Wind allowance - Outbound - 3 times Wind Correction - Inbound -1 time Wind Correction
Exiting - Jet acft en route holding must leave at 250kt

Question 16

Q

Are standard holding patterns left or right, and what are the speed, time, and distance limitations for a
hold up to and including FL140?

Answer

Study These Flashcards

A

Right, 230 kts (170 KIAS for CAT A/B), 1-minute and the distance specified on the chart

Question 17

Q

You are planning an IFR flight and are reviewing the forecast validity times. What period must you ensure the forecasts cover for your destination and alternate airport planned arrival times?

Answer

Study These Flashcards

A

30 minutes before and 60 minutes after your planned ETA

Question 18

Q

You are planning an IFR flight and notice your destination has Thunderstorm (CB) activity forecast as a squall line associated with multiple cold front activity but is not appended with an INTER or TEMPO.
Do you require an alternate?