j) Operations Below LSALT and MSA for Day and Night

Question 1

The MSA are ____ and ____ and provide a ____ ft. obstacle clearance

Answer 1

The MSA are 25NM and 10NM and provide a 1000 ft. obstacle clearance

Question 2

AIP (GEN) 3.3 Para 4.6

Descend below the LSALT, Day and Night Criteria:

Answer 2

“V I V A T”
Visual approach or departure
Instrument approach or departure
VMC by day
ATC clearance
Take-off or landing

Don’t
VVVenture
In
Too
CClose

DME or GPS arrivals
Vectored by radar. When given (ATC terrain clearance)
VMC by Day
Visual Approach
Instrument Approach
The holding pattern
Climb after departure
Circling area by night
(5nm on PAPI / VASIS)
(7nm on PAPI/VASIS (RWY with ILS)
(10nm on ILS)
(14nm at Sydney RWY 34L & 16L)

Question 3

Why RWY 34L and 16L only at Sydney?

Answer 3

Because RWY 34L and 16L are the only runways in Australia to be fitted
with unidirectional Runway side lighting approved by Air Services
Australia and capable of being seen within a 14nm distance from the
aerodrome at the calculated splay and vertical distribution plot.

Question 4

Visual Approach Requirements for IFR Flights

By pilot

Answer 4

The pilot in command may discontinue or not commence an instrument approach procedure
only when:

Question 5

Visual Approaches – rules related to ATC

issued by ATC

Answer 5

BY NIGHT
❖ Not below the LSALT/MSA
❖ Clear of cloud
❖ In sight of ground or water
❖ At least 5,000 meters visibility
❖ Within the circling area or
5NM on PAPI; or
7NM on PAPI (ILS RWY); or
10NM on glideslope; or
14NM YSSY runways 16L and 34L established not below GS and less than full scale azimuth deflection

Question 6

When are you able to
descend below the Lowest
Safe Altitude?

Answer 6

Specifically, only when:
* On a DME or GPS arrivals
* Being vectored by radar.
* When given (ATC terrain clearance)
* In VMC by Day
* Conducting a Visual Approach
* Conducting Instrument Approach
* In the holding pattern
* When climbing after departure
* When on the circling area by night:
* (5nm on PAPI / VASIS)
* (7nm on PAPI/VASIS (RWY with ILS)
* (10nm on ILS)
* (14nm at Sydney RWY 34L & 16L).

Question 7

When may you as the
Pilot in Command (PIC) elect
to discontinue an instrument
approach procedure and
conduct a Visual Approach?

Answer 7

Question 8

You are enroute at the LSALT for the route segment between two navigation fixes, you check the ERC and
notice that this altitude is below the Grid LSALT. You’re in IMC and are considering diverting off route to save
time. Can you divert off this track without climbing legally and safely?

Answer 8

No. If the Grid LSALT is higher than the IFR route LSALT, any deviation off track would require the aircraft to
climb to Grid LSALT before diverting.

Question 9

During visual circling,
when can you descend below
the MDA?

Answer 9

“VMC, Day Obstacle, Night MDA”
* Visibility along flight not less than specified for circling
* Maintain visual contact with landing environment
* Inside circling area
* By day not below obstacle clearance (CatA/B 300ft)
* By night not below MDA until downwind, base or final