G1 - Territorial dynamics, cooperation and tensions in globalisation

Question 2

globalization

Answer 2

the increase in exchange between every part of the world (human, financial, commercial, etc)

leads to intergration of territories but also fosters inequalities and trigger tensions

Question 3

Tariffs

Answer 3

taxes paid to export goods in another country

Question 4

free market

Answer 4

an economic system based on supply and demand with little or no government countrol

Question 5

protectionism

Answer 5

the theory or practice of shielding a country’s domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports

Question 6

TRIAD

Answer 6

hegemonic center composed of 3 poles (North America, Western Europe and South East Asia)

Question 7

BRICS

Answer 7

emerginging countries since 90s (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South-Africa)

Question 8

Asian dragons

Answer 8

South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong-Kong

Question 9

PPP

Answer 9

Purshase Power Parity

economic theory that compares the buying power of different countries’ currencies.

Question 10

metropolis

Answer 10

city that concentrates population, wealth, command functions

Question 11

Gentrification

Answer 11

process of urban development in which a city neighbordhood develops rapidly over a short time, changing from low to high value.

Question 12

SOFT power
HARD power

Answer 12

S = Persuading others through culture, social, econimic of ones country

H = Using military strength, economic pressure, or threats to get others to act in your favor

Question 13

Hyperpower

Answer 13

supremacy on the rest of the world : possible thanls to soft and hard power

Question 14

TNC

Answer 14

company that works, invests and produces in multiple countries

Question 15

outsourcing

Answer 15

based on the comparative advantage theory and the NIDL

Question 16

comparative advantage theory

Answer 16

introduces opportunity cost as a factor for analysis in choosing between different options for prod. Comparative advantage suggests that countries will engage in trade with one another, exporting the goods that they have a relative advantage in

Question 17

free trade areas

Answer 17

trade unions that has no tariffs or quotas between members

Question 18

the common market

Answer 18

all countries in the common market have the same amount of tariffs

Question 19

FDI

Answer 19

Foreign Direct Investment

Is when a company or individual from one country invests directly in a business or asset in another country

Question 20

GATT

Answer 20

1945 - General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

promote free trade by reducing tariffs (taxes on imports) and other trade barriers between countries

Question 21

GATT replaced by …

Answer 21

WTO (world trade org)

it helps countries negotiate, regulate, and enforce rules about global trade.

Question 22

TRIAD
…% of the world GDP
…% of the world’s pop
…% of world trade

Answer 22

80% of world GDP
20% of the world’s pop
75% of world trade

Question 23

China = … world GDP

Answer 23

2nd behind USA

Question 24

In 2019, …% of world population owned …% of world wealth

Answer 24

In 2019, 8% of world population owned 86% of world wealth

Question 25

World Bank

Answer 25

1944 - international financial institution that provides loans, grants, and expert advice to help developing countries reduce poverty and support economic development ## Footnote founded at the Bretton Woods Conference, alongside the International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Question 26

G8 = ... %of the world trade

Answer 26

65%

Question 27

ex (1) of discriminated economies

Answer 27

Senegal: borders = included into gloabization VS inside country * Dakar concentrates most of the wealth of the country : - 25% of country's pop - 50% of its GDP

Question 28

ex (2) of discriminated economies

Answer 28

Tunisia: south=desert(not intergrated) - 70% of Tunisians in extreme poverty in the South - 30% of country's pop in the South North is more intergrated (sea..)

Question 29

SEZs

Answer 29

Special Economic Zones: coastal cities should participate in globalization even if country = communist

Question 30

Megalopolises

Answer 30

- NYC: Boswash - London: European Megalopolis - Toyko: Japanese Megalopolis megalopolises = 85% of world financial flows

Question 31

Inequalities bc of globaliztion

Answer 31

favelas removed in Rio for the Olympics games for 2016 Russia= has the most inequalities: 1% of the pop owns 75% of the wealth

Question 32

Multiplication of trading blocs

Answer 32

USMCA ASEAN

Question 33

Example of trading bloc

Answer 33

Mercosur

Question 34

Examples of Mega free trade agreements

Answer 34

CETA, TAFTA