Gait Flashcards
(33 cards)
Key phases of the gait cycle for 1 leg
- Initial contact
- Stance phase
- Swing phase
Stride vs step
- Stride = initial contact to initial contact (same foot)
- Step = contact of one foot to contact of other (half a stride)
Different double limb stances of the gait cycle
- Initial double limb stance
- Terminal double limb stance (after 1 step)
- Double limb stance (after 1 stride)
Functions of the stance phase
- Shock absorption
- Stability
- Propulsion
Functions of the swing phase
- Ground clearance
- Step length
Sub-phases of the gait cycle
- Stance:
> Initial contact
> Loading response
> Mid-stance
> Terminal stance
> Pre-swing - Swing:
> Initial swing
> Mid-swing
> Terminal swing
Events of the gait cycle
- Stance:
> Initial contact
> Opposite toe off
> Heel rise
> Opposite initial contact - Swing:
> Toe off
> Feet adjacent
> Tibia verticle
4 rockers of gait
- Ankle rocker
- Heel rocker
- Forefoot rocker
- Toe rockers
Main shock absorber in the gait cycle
Knee
What is energy expended on in the gait cycle?
- Centre of mass control
- Selective muscular control
6 major displacements in the gait cycle
- Pelvic rotation
- Pelvic tilt
- Stance knee flexion
- Foot and ankle mechanisms
- Tibiofemoral angle
- Pelvic lateral displacement
Which muscles provide stability of the pelvis in the stance phase?
Tensor fascia lata
Which muscles provide hip flexion in the stance phase?
- Iliacus
- Psoas major
- Sartorius
- Rectus femoris
Which muscles provide hip extension in the stance phase?
- Semitendinosus
- Biceps femoris
- Gluteus maximus
- Adductor magnus
Which muscles provide knee flexion in the stance phase?
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
Which muscles provide ankle plantarflexion in the stance phase?
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
Which muscles provide ankle dorsiflexion in the stance phase?
- Tibialis anterior
- Extensor digitorum longus
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
Which muscles provide stability of the pelvis in the swing phase?
Tensor fascia lata
Which muscles provide hip flexion in the swing phase?
- Semitendinosus
- Biceps femoris
Which muscles provide knee flexion in the swing phase?
Sartorius
Which muscles provide knee extension in the swing phase?
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
Which muscles provide ankle plantarflexion in the swing phase?
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
Which muscles provide ankle dorsiflexion in the swing phase?
- Tibialis anterior
- Extensor digitorum longus
What influences gait?
- Bony skeleton
- Muscle function
- Other soft tissues
- Other organ systems
- Trauma
- Pain
- Inflammation
- Congenital anomaly
- Neurological function
- Weakness
- Psychology
