Gait (Frontal Kinematics) Flashcards
(20 cards)
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Pelvis
Discuss movement on stance limb
Rotates as a result of pelvic on femoral (hip) adduction and abduction on stance limb
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Pelvis
During R LE WB (first 15-20% of GC)
Lt iliac crest drops
Pelvic on femoral adduction of Rt stance hip
Eccentric activation of R hip abductors
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Pelvis
20-60% of GC
L iliac crest is elevated by concentric activation of R hip abductors
assisted by slight trunk shift toward R side
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Hip
Frontal plane motion of the hips is reflected by
elevation and depression of the iliac crests
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Hip
Stance phase
motion occurs primarily from pelvic on femoral kinematics
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Hip
Swing phase
Motion of pelvis (about the stance limb) combines with advancing femur to return hip to its neutral frontal plane position
Excessive Hip frontal plane motion during walking leads to
exaggerated ML shifts in COM
(common)
Causes of Excessive Hip frontal plane motion during walking
hip ABD weakness
reduced shortening of swing limb
limb length discrepancy
+ve trendelenburg sign w/ severe weakness
trunk lean to weak side during any single limb support activities
“compensated Trendelenburg gait” or “gluteus medius limp”
Hip hiking on side of swing LE
excessive elevation of the iliac crest on the swing LE
Hip hiking on side of swing LE compensates for
inability of the knee and/or ankle to shorten limb for foot clearence
Hip hiking muscles involved
Primary ABD on stance limb
Quadratus lumborum of swing limb
Abdominals and back extensors of swing limb
Limb Length Discrepancy
Increase side bending of the lumbar spine with every step
Pronation of long limb foot
Limb Length Discrepancy example
if L leg is long, trunk lean toward L side, drop L shoulder, activate Q lumborum on R side
Frontal Plane Kinematics Knee
Stable in frontal plane, may have slight varus and valgus
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Ankle
insignificant motion in frontal plane
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Foot and Subtalar Joint
Heel contact
2-3° inversion
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Foot and subtalar joint
After heel contact
Rapid eversion of calcaneus
begins and continues until mid stance
Max eversion of 2°
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Foot and Subtalar joint
Pronation/supination is accompanied by changes in the:
height of medial longitudinal arch
Frontal Plane Kinematics
Foot and subtalar joint
Pes planus
Increased rearfoot pronation during gait
