Gas Laws Unit

Question 1

Avogadro’s Law:

Answer 1

= volumes of gases at same temp/pressure have = number of molecules

Question 2

Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases states: (5)

Answer 2

1. continous random motion
2. no forces of attraction btwn particles
3. no volume compared to distance btwn tem
4. elasitc collisions with no net loss of energy from collision
5. the temp of a gas depends on average kinetic energy of particles in gas

Question 3

STP=

Answer 3

standard temp and pressure (1atm & 0 C)

Question 4

Standard pressure:

Answer 4

1 atm
= 101.3 kPa
= 760. mm Hg
= 760. torr

Question 5

Standard temp:

Answer 5

0 C and 273 Kelvin

Question 6

Pressure variables:

Answer 6

atmosphere (atm)
kilopascal (kPa)
millimeter mercury (mm Hg)
Torr (torr)

Question 7

volume variables:

Answer 7

millimeters (mL
Liters (L)

Question 8

Temp varuables:

Answer 8

Kelvin (k)

Question 9

Amn of gas variable:

Answer 9

moles (mol)

Question 10

Boyle’s Law relation type:

Answer 10

Pressure - volume relationship
inc. pressure -> dec. temp

(inverse relationship)

Question 11

Boyle’s Law:

Answer 11

at a constant temp and a fized mass, pressure/ volume are inversely proportional

Question 12

Charle’s Law relation type:

Answer 12

Volume - temp relationship
inc. temp -> inc. volume

(direct relationship)

Question 13

Charles’ Law:

Answer 13

At a constant pressure and fized mass, temp and volume are directly proportional

Question 14

Gay-Lussac’s Law relation type:

Answer 14

Pressure- temp relatioonship
inc temp -> inc. pressure

(direct relationship)

Question 15

Gay-Lussac’s Law:

Answer 15

at a constant volume and a fixed mass, temp and pressure are directly proportional

Question 16

Combined Gas Law formula:

Answer 16

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/ T2

Question 17

ideal gas law used to explain…

Answer 17

behavior of gases

Question 18

An “ideal gas” should perfectly follow the…

Answer 18

kinetic molecular theory of gases at all conditions of temp and pressure

Question 19

(Ideal gas vs. real gas) A REAL gas has ______ and experiences _________________________btwn particles

Answer 19

volume, forces of attraction

Question 20

(Ideal gas vs. real gas) A real gas Is most like an ideal gas when it is at a :

Answer 20

high temp and low pressure (most spread out with lower attractive forces)

Question 21

(Ideal gas vs. real gas) The smaller the molecule=

Answer 21

more ideal it will behave

Question 22

(Ideal gas vs. real gas) what two are the most “ideal gases”?

Answer 22

helium and hydrogen

Question 23

The Ideal Gas Formula

Answer 23

PV=nRT

Question 24

R=

Answer 24

ideal gas law constant
0.0821 L*atm/ mol *K

Question 25

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure :

Answer 25

the total pressure exterted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of each gas component

Question 26

The pressure of each gas in a gaseous mixture is called a:

Answer 26

partial pressure

Question 27

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure FORMULA:

Answer 27

PT= P1 + P2 + P3 +....

Question 28

Diffusion:

Answer 28

molecules of substance move from a region of high concentration to a lower concentration

Question 29

Effusion:

Answer 29

the process by which gas particles under pressure pass through a tiny hole

Question 30

Grahams law of effusion:

Answer 30

the rate of effusion of gases (at same temp/pressure) are inversely proportional to the square root of their molar masses

Question 31

Grahams law of effusion FORMULA:

Answer 31

efusion rate = MM/ MM

Question 32

(Grahams law) at the same temp and P, lightweight gases move....

Answer 32

faster than heavy gases

Question 33

(Grahams law) Kinetic energy is determined by the....

Answer 33

temp of gas

Question 34

(Grahams law) At same temp, KE, heavier molecules move..

Answer 34

more slowly

Question 35

According to Avogadro's Law, = volumes of gases at same temp/pressure will...

Answer 35

have an equal # of molecules

Question 36

Relative to particles of a solid/liquid, gas particles move...

Answer 36

quickly

Question 37

Gas paricles move in ...

Answer 37

random motion

Question 38

gas particles move in straight or zigzag line?

Answer 38

straight

Question 39

What points of KMT are not true of "real" gases?

Answer 39

- real gases have volumes/mass -real gases do have forces of attraction

Question 40

Which of the gas law variables are held constant when considering Boyle's Gas Law?

Answer 40

amnt of gas and temp

Question 41

How are pressure and volume related accoring to Boyle's Law?

Answer 41

as P incr, V decr and inversely related

Question 42

A sample of gas is held at constant pressure. Increasing the temperature of this gas causes the average kinetic energy of its molecules to

Answer 42

increase and V of gas sample to incre