States of Matter / the KMT: SOLIDS Flashcards
(16 cards)
The Kinetic theory of Solids:
solid particles are closely packed together in fixed positions and only vibrate in place. They have definite shape and volume
Forces of attraction are much _____than liquids and gases
stronger abd have lowest amnt of kinetic energy
properties of solids-reflecting the KMT
the prop of solids are refelcted in the orderly arrangement of solid particles
Fluidity:
solid particles vibrate around a fized position and do NOT flow
Density:
solids are more closely packed together than liquids or gases. the densities of solids are higher then l and s
Compressibility:
Solids are incompressible
Crystalline solids:
solid substances are crystalline.
Crystal lattice :
a structure in which particles are arranged in orderly, repeating, three-dimensional patterns
The shape of the crystal lattice reflects….
the arrangement of the particles
Crystalline solids - four types:
Ionic crystals
Covalent Network Crystals
Metallic Crystals
Covalent Molecular crystals
Ionic crytsals:
the ionic crystal lattice consists of positive and negative ions arranged in a repeating pattern
ex. Table salt, NaCI
Covalent Network Crystals
Each atom is covalently bonded to the next atom. This covalently bonded network will include a very large number of atoms. Example: diamond
Metallic Crystal
The metallic crystal structure is made up of metal cations surrounded by a sea of electrons. Example: Metals
Covalent Molecular Crystals
A crystal structure consisting of covalently bonded molecules held together by intermolecular forces. Examples: Ice, sugar, iodine
Amorphous Solids:
“without shape”
particles of an amorphous solid are not arranged in any particular order.
Amorphous solids are arranged much like liquid particles, but…
they are in fixed positions and do not have a definite melting point. Crystalline solids do.
