Gastrointestinal Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

A tubular structure that makes direct contact with food (or former food)
▪ Has a typical set of histologic layers
that surround a lumen

Answer 1

The Alimentary Canal

Question 2

The Alimentary Canal is composed of:

Answer 2

▪ Oral cavity and pharynx (future
lectures)
▪ Esophagus
▪ Stomach
▪ Small Intestine
* Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
▪ Large intestine
* Cecum, appendix, ascending, transverse, descending colon, rectum

Question 3

Liver, Gall Bladder and Pancreas are considered

Answer 3

Digestive Accessory Organs

Question 4

All of these organs are derived embryologically as “outgrowths” of the early alimentary canal

Answer 4

Digestive Accessory Organs

Question 5

The accessory digestion organs function as glands that…..

Answer 5

glands that secrete substances into the alimentary canal

Question 6

food is moved along the “tube” as it is digested

Answer 6

Propulsion - the action of the alimentary canal

Question 7

enzymes and acids break chemical bonds in food material or substances to facilitate enzymatic interactions

Answer 7

chemical digestion

Question 8

movements of the canal mix food, break it
apart, and increase the SA: volume ratio of food

Answer 8

Mechanical digestion

Question 9

secretions that impact digestion, secretion,
and overall metabolism is (hormonal/fluid & mucous)

Answer 9

hormonal

Question 10

secretions that aid propulsion and
digestion is (secretions that aid propulsion and digestion)

Answer 10

fluid or mucous