Gender

Question 1

What is sex?

Answer 1

Biological differences between men and women

Question 2

What is gender?

Answer 2

Psychological and social differences between men and women

Question 3

What is alpha bias?

Answer 3

Exaggerate gender differences

Question 4

What is beta bias?

Answer 4

Theories that ignore sex differences

Question 5

What is binary?

Answer 5

Only male and female

Question 6

What is non-binary?

Answer 6

More than two genders

Question 7

What is femininity?

Answer 7

Characteristics of women and girls

Question 8

What is masculinity?

Answer 8

Characteristics of boy and men

Question 9

What is androgyny?

Answer 9

Possession of masculine and feminine characteristics

Question 10

What is gender dysphoria?

Answer 10

Distress that gender does not match sex

Question 11

What is gender fluid?

Answer 11

Not fixed gender, identity changes from time to time

Question 12

What is gender identity?

Answer 12

Sense of own gender

Question 13

What is gender priming?

Answer 13

What you expect from certain genders based on past experiences

Question 14

What is gender roles?

Answer 14

Jobs and appropriate behaviour for certain genders

Question 15

What is gender schema?

Answer 15

Mental package of information about gender based on past experience

Question 16

What is sex role stereotypes?

Answer 16

Fixed views of jobs appropriate for certain genders

Question 17

What is transgender?

Answer 17

Gender does not correspond to birth sex

Question 18

Gender: Cognitive Approach

What are the concepts in cognitive approach’s explanation to gender?

Answer 18

• confirmation bias
• gender schema theory
• gender priming

Question 19

Gender: Cognitive Approach

What is confirmation bias in gender?

Answer 19

Only acknowledging information that confirms stereotypical views of men and women and disregard anything else

Question 20

Gender: Cognitive Approach

What is gender schema theory?

Answer 20

Mental package of information about gender and how men and women should behave based on our past experiences

We tend to remember information that fits our schemas better

Question 21

Gender: Cognitive Approach

What is gender priming?

Answer 21

Exposure to genders behaving a certain way primes what we expect to see from certain genders

Question 22

Gender: Learning Approach

What concepts are in the learning approach’s explanation to gender?

Answer 22

• operant conditioning
• differential reinforcement
• social learning theory

Question 23

Gender: Learning Approach

What is the role of operant conditioning in gender?

Answer 23

Children are rewarded for performing gender-typical behaviour, so are likely to repeat it.

Question 24

Gender: Learning Approach

What is differential reinforcement?

Answer 24

Boys are positively reinforced for masculine behaviour
Girls are positively reinforced for feminine behaviour
Develops gender identity as they learn what is normal.

Question 25

*Gender: Learning Approach* What is the role of social learning theory in gender?

Answer 25

Child learns how to behave for their gender through observation, modelling, imitation, and vicarious reinforcement of same sex parent.

Question 26

*Gender: Learning Approach* What is the influence of media on gender?

Answer 26

Provides individuals with gender-typical and atypical models. If model is rewarded with fame, observer is more likely to imitate it.

Question 27

*Gender: Social Approach* What is gender typicality?

Answer 27

behaving in a way that fits gender characteristics

Question 28

*Gender: Social Approach* What is gender atypicality?

Answer 28

acting in a way that does not fit gender characteristics.

Question 29

*Gender: Social Approach* What role does peer influence play in determining gender?

Answer 29

Child detemines their gender by 3 Gender segregation means children usually spend more time with same sex peers which influences their gender identity

Question 30

*Gender: Social Approach* What role does conformity play in determining gender?

Answer 30

NSI - peers model gender typical behaviour children fit in to be accepted ISI - peers show how genders should behave and children conform because it is correct

Question 31

*Gender: Social Approach* What role does culture play in determining gender?

Answer 31

Different cultures have different ideas and norms about gender so raise children differently

Question 32

*Gender: Social Approach* What concepts are in the social approach explanation to gender?

Answer 32

- conformity - peer influence - culture

Question 33

*Gender: Biological Approach* What concepts are in the biological approaches explanation to gender?

Answer 33

- sex hormones - evolution

Question 34

*Gender: Biological Approach* What is testosterone?

Answer 34

Male sex hormone responsible for masculine growth and characteristics.

Question 35

*Gender: Biological Approach* What is oestrogen?

Answer 35

female sex hormone responsible for female characteristics, menstrual cycle, emotionality.

Question 36

*Gender: Biological Approach* What is oxytocin?

Answer 36

Female sex hormone released during childbirth, responsible for nurturing and caring.

Question 37

*Gender: Biological Approach* What is the division of labour in evolution?

Answer 37

Division of labour ensures reproductive success. Males – provide for family. Females – care for family.

Question 38

*Gender: Biological Approach* What is the dominant male theory?

Answer 38

Males competed for females. Most dominant would mate the most, passing on dominant genes. Determinant male characteristics of leadership and dominance

Question 39

*Gender: Biological Approach*

Question 40

*Gender: Biological Approach*

Question 41

*Gender: Biological Approach*