Social Approach Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is conformity?
Changing your behaviour or beliefs due to peer pressure.
What is normative social influence?
Conforming to fit in, be liked, or gain approval from a group.
What is informational social influence?
Conforming because you believe the group is correct.
What is compliance?
Publicly conforming to a group’s behaviour but privately disagreeing.
Example: Laughing at a joke you don’t find funny just to fit in.
What is identification?
Adopting a group’s behaviour while you’re part of it, but not permanently accepting the beliefs.
Example: Acting like your peer group to be accepted, but reverting to your usual self around family.
What is internalisation?
Deepest level of conformity, Truly accepting and adopting the beliefs of a group, even when you are no longer with them.
Example: Starting to like music your friends enjoy and continuing to listen to it on your own.
What is social categorisation?
Putting people into groups based on shared characteristics like gender, ethnicity, or age.
What is an in-group?
A group you identify with. You share its norms and values, which boosts your sense of belonging and self-esteem.
What is an out-group?
A group you do not identify with. People tend to stereotype those in out-groups.
What are stereotypes?
Fixed, oversimplified ideas about people based on their social category.
Example: “Old people are slow.”
How are stereotypes formed?
- Social categorisation – grouping people based on characteristics leads to generalisations.
Example: One older person struggles with tech, so you assume all older people can’t use it.
- Social learning theory – observing others using stereotypes and copying them.
Example: A child hears an adult say women can’t drive and adopts the belief.
What are the effects of stereotyping?
• Prejudice and discrimination
• Mental health issues for the person being stereotyped.
What are intra-group dynamics?
Psychological processes that happen within a group.
What is group cohesion?
When members feel bonded, agree on the same things, and work together toward common goals
What are roles in a group?
Functions individuals perform in the group to increase or decrease cohersion.
What are the types of roles?
increase cohesion
• Task roles – help get work done
• Social roles – maintain harmony
• Procedural roles – keep things organised
decrease cohesion
• Individualist roles – undermine the group
What are common goals?
Outcomes that everyone in a group shared and works toward.
Increase cohesion.
What is groupthink?
Group thinks the same way and agrees on the same things
Strong need to agree, regardless of whether it’s correct or not
What is social facilitation?
We perform better when we are being observed by others.
What is self-concept?
How you understand yourself, including your beliefs, values, and personality.
Example: Believing you’re kind becomes part of your self-concept.
What is self-esteem?
Your sense of self-worth or value.
Example: High self-esteem = proud of achievements; low self-esteem = self-doubt.
What is self-image?
The picture you have in your mind of yourself, based on appearance and social role.
Example: Seeing yourself as unattractive even if it’s not true.
What is self-efficacy?
Your belief in your ability to achieve goals.
Example: Someone with high self-efficacy believes they’ll pass an exam if they prepare.
