Gender Flashcards
(13 cards)
Who is associated with the Dominance model
Pamela fishman
What does the dominance model believe
Men are dominant in speech, they hold the floor and shift topics
What did Zimmerman and west find
Analysed 11 conversations, found that men interrupted 46 times, while women interrupted only twice.
What did Geoffrey beatie find
Recorded 10 hours of discussion, found that men and women interrupted equally
Women 33.8 times men 34.1 times
What did O’barr and Atkins find
Analysed court cases, found that interruptions were due to power rather than gender
Who is associated with the difference model
Deborah tannen
What did Deborah tannen believe about men and women’s language
Men and women use language in 6 contrasts
- status v support
- independence v intimacy
- advice v understanding
- information v feelings
- orders v proposals
- conflict v compromise
What did Janet Hyde believe?
Gender similarity hypothesis
There are more similarities than differences between men and women’s language
Difference are due to age, culture, and occupation rather than gender
What did peter trudgill find
Men claim to use more standard forms of Speech than they actually do
Women claim to use more prestigious forms than they actually do
Explanations for why women and men speak differently
Women have a subordinate role in society
Society expects better behaviour from women
Women have to provide correct speech as a role model for children
What did robin lakoff find?
Women use tag questions, hedges, higher levels of politeness, implications rather than directions
What does the deficit model believe in
Women’s language is weaker, men’s language reflects power
What did Deborah Cameron believe in
Speech differences between men and women are a myth. We shape our own expectations of men and women
