Occupation

Question 1

What did john Swales believe in

Answer 1

Discourse community - group of people involved in and communicating about a particular topic

Question 2

What are characteristics of a discourse community in a workplace

Answer 2

Have a common set of goals
Have mechanisms of intercomunication
Have specific lexis

Question 3

What did drew and heritage find

Answer 3

Work place conversations usually focus on task goals

Turn taking rules, allowable contributions, professional lexis, structure and asymmetry

Question 4

What did koester find

Answer 4

Workers also pay attention to relational goals as well as task goals
Believed in the importance of phatic talk
Asymmetrical relationships - listeners are limited to interrogatives and minimal response

Question 5

What did grice find

Answer 5

Developed 4 maxims of conversation

• speak with quality
• don’t speak too much quantity
• speak with relevance
• be polite - manner

Question 6

What did goffman find

Answer 6

Face theory -

• Losing face is carrying out an action that may destroy the face you’re trying to show
• saving face - when your face is threatened but you manage to save it by acting in the way you want your face to be
• face needs are things which respect the face you are presenting
• face threatening acts can damage the face that you are trying to present to others

Question 7

What did brown and levinsohn find

Answer 7

Developed face theory by identifying two types of face needs
Positive face - desirability of others - threatened by criticism
Negative face - the want of your actions not to be Impeded - threatened by orders

Positive politeness - praise and appreciation
Negative politeness - apologising and indirect requests