Language Change

Question 1

What was the original language spoken in Britain

Answer 1

Celtic

Question 2

What happened to old English in the 5th and 6th century

Answer 2

Anglos and saxtons brought their language and pushed out Celtic words

Question 3

What happened to the English language in the 8th century

Answer 3

Scandinavian vikings invaded, joining their language with Anglo saxtons, causing a heavy Germanic influence o

Question 4

What are lexical examples of old English

Answer 4

Place names ending in by e.g. Whitby
Active verbs
Nouns around animals and people

Question 5

What started the Middle English

Answer 5

Normal conquest in 1066

Question 6

What influence did the Norman conquest have on English

Answer 6

Long period of French rule - French became prestigious language of writing and legal documents

Question 7

What influenced Early Modern English

Answer 7

Latin influence due to the renaissance

Question 8

What was the main phonological change

Answer 8

The great vowel shift
- vowels shortened and some became dipthongs
Writing didn’t change causing confusion

Question 9

Blending

Answer 9

Combination of words e.g. Moped

Question 10

Compounding

Answer 10

Combined words

Question 11

Acronyms

Answer 11

E.g. Aids

Question 12

Borrowings

Answer 12

Words come from other languages

Question 13

Initialism

Answer 13

MP3

Question 14

Coinage

Answer 14

New words

Question 15

What did jean aichison believe

Answer 15

Language has never been perfect (crumbling castle)
Speaking quickly isn’t lazy (damp spoon)
the spread of language is positive (infectious disease)

Question 16

What did job humphreys do

Answer 16

Abbreviations are meant to save time, it it forces people to spend ages translating

Question 17

What did David crystal believe

Answer 17

Language is like a tide - new words are brought in, old ones are taken out

Question 18

What is broadening

Answer 18

A word applies to more context

Question 19

What is weakening

Answer 19

Reduction of the force of the meaning of a word

Question 20

What is narrowing

Answer 20

Reduction in context of a word

Question 21

What is amelioration

Answer 21

Word becomes more positive

Question 22

What is peroration

Answer 22

Word becomes more negative

Question 23

What did crispin Thurlow do and find

Answer 23

544 messages of older teenagers
82% used abbreviations, but they only took up 20% of messages
509 typographic symbols

Question 24

How did youth culture influence language

Answer 24

Slang spreading through social media

Immigration - MLE

Question 25

What is political correctness

Answer 25

Prescriptivist view of not causing offence | Using euphemisms rather than dyphemisms

Question 26

What is chens S curve model

Answer 26

Language change can initially occur at a slow pace, then increases speed as it becomes more common and accepted in the language This can then slow down once it is widely used

Question 27

Describe aitchisons potential and diffusion model

Answer 27

Potential - there is an internal weakness for a particulAr language Diffusion - the change starts to spread though the population

Question 28

What is baileys wave model

Answer 28

Geographical distance could have an effect on language change Someone closer to the centre of a language change is more likely to adopt it

Question 29

What is the theory of lexical gaps

Answer 29

There is a logical reason to create words to 'fill gaps'

Question 30

What is the functional theory

Answer 30

Language always changes and adapts to the needs of its users. Changes in techno,off and industry often fuel the need for new words

Question 31

What if reflectionism in language

Answer 31

A persons language reflects their way of thinking

Question 32

What is determinism in language

Answer 32

If people can be persuaded not to use such derogatory terms can determine a new way of thinking