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CV PATH...Hemodynamic Disorders > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

left ventricular end-diastolic volume

A

150mL

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2
Q

LV-end systolic volume

A

50mL

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3
Q

Stroke volume

A

100mL

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4
Q

Ejection fraction

A

67%

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5
Q

LV end-diastolic pressure

A

10mmHg

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6
Q

LV systolic

A

130mmHg

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7
Q

RA pressure

A

3 mmHg

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8
Q

RV systolic pressure

A

25mmHg

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9
Q

LA pressure

A

8mmHg

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10
Q

pre-load determined by…

A

End diastolic pressure or volume

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11
Q

Frank-Starling mechanism

A

The greater the EDV (pre-load), the greater the force of contraction

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12
Q

the resistance ventricle must overcome to pump out its contents

A

afterload/ systollic ventricular wall tension or stress

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13
Q

Ventricular wall stress (afterload) is equal to…

A

ventricular pressure X ventricular chamber radius
divided by
2 X ventricular wall thickness

Pvent X r
2 X wall thickness

**Laplace relationship

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14
Q

As arterial blood pressure in aorta (or pulmonary trunk) goes up…

A

Stress increases proportionately

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15
Q

The greater the ventricular wall thickness (within physiologic range)…

A

The less stress

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16
Q

Determinants of force of ventricular contraction

A 
preload
afterload
contractility/inotropic
autonomics
hormones
drugs
ventricular compliance
17
Q

ventricular compliance

A 
stiffness of the ventricular wall
harder to fill during diastole
Decreased by...
--fibrosis
--amyloidosis
--any process causing interstitial infiltration by something more rigid than normal
18
Q

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

when ventricular compliance decreases below ability of atrium to fill it normally…restricts cardiac pumping

19
Q

Diastolic dysfunction

A

impaired cardiac filling

20
Q

Systolic dysfunction

A

impaired cardiac pumping
Usually caused by:
–impaired contractility OR
–greatly increased afterload

21
Q

Effects of Systolic Dysfunction

A

decreases:

  • -amount of blood ejected form ventricle
  • -stroke volume
  • -ejection fraction
22
Q

Diastolic Dysfunction effects

A

Does NOT usually reduce ejection fraction

23
Q

5 major categories of factors determining Heart pump function (Cardiac output)

A
  1. Preload
  2. Afterload
  3. Contractility
  4. Compliance
  5. Heart rhythm
24
Q

Ventricular gallop

A

S3

25
Q

Atrial Gallop

A

S4

26
Q

Valve disease most commonly causing a hemodynamic disorder in the US

A

aortic stenosis

27
Q

most common valvular disease

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse

28
Q

Second most common valve disease causing a hemodynamic disorder

A

Mitral regurgitation

29
Q

Second most common valvular disease

A

calcific aortic stenosis

CV PATH...Hemodynamic Disorders (18 decks)

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