General Internal Medicine 2 Flashcards
What is the most common cause of irregular menstrual bleeding in premenopausal patients?
PCOS
What are the 2 most common side effects of post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy?
atypical vaginal bleeding and breast tenderness
Two out of what three criteria must be fulfilled to Dx PCOS?
- Irregular ovulatory cycles
- clinical or lab evidence of hyperandrogenism
- US evidence of polycystic ovaries
What antibiotic (in what forms) should be given for severe acne?
tetracycline; oral and topical for 6-8 wks
What would you suspect as the cause of hypertension in a pt that also has hypokalemia, high urine K+, and metabolic alkalosis? What test would you do next?
hyperaldosteronism; measure serum aldo
What is the target BP for pts with diabetes or renal failure?
<130/80
What are the preferred treatments for chronic htn in pregnant pts?
labetalol or methyldopa
What is the mechanism of corticosteroid-induced bone loss?
corticosteroids are toxic to osteoblasts
Painful, erythematous nodules on the anterior surfaces of both legs that evolve into bruise-like lesions that relive in several weeks.
Erythema nodosum
What disease does erythema nodosum + arthritis or peri arthritis of the ankle suggest?
Sarcoidosis
The finding of acute, nontraumatic, monoarticular arthritis in a sexually active young person should prompt consideration of _______.
Disseminated gonorrhea
Describe the rash of dissipated gonorrhea and its location.
Tender necrotic pustules on an erythematous base, esp. On the distal extremities.
What oral medications can be taken to cure toenail fungus with nail thickening?
Terbinafine, griseofulvin, or itraconazole.
What topical medication may be used to treat onchomycocsis without nail thickening?
Ciclopirox
Why should be done before treating a pt for onchomycosis?
Culture
