Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Microbiology > General Virology > Flashcards

General Virology Flashcards

(73 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Composition of capsid

A

It is composed of a number of repeating protein subunits called capsomeres.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Functions of capsid

A
  1. Protects nucleic acid core from external environment
  2. Antigenic and specific for each virus
  3. In non-enveloped tissues initiates first step of viral replication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Icosahedral symmetry

A

All DNA viruses except poxvirus and most RNA viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Helical symmetry

A

Few RNA viruses - Myxovirus, Rhabdovirus, Filovirus, Bunyavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Complex symmetry

A

Poxvirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Virus with >1 kind of peplomeres

A

Influenza virus - hemagglutinin and neuraminidase peplomeres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Non-enveloped DNA viruses

A

Parvovirus
Adenovirus
Papovavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Non-enveloped RNA viruses

A 
Picornavirus
Reovirus
Calicivirus
Hep A
Hep E
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bullet shaped virus

A

Rabies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Filamentous virus

A

Ebola

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Brick shaped virus

A

Poxvirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Space vehicle shaped virus

A

Adenovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Wheel shaped virus

A

Rotavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rod shaped virus

A

Tobacco mosaic virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Viroids?

A
  1. Have naked, circular, small ssRNA without capsid.
  2. Seen in plants
  3. Depend on host enzymes for replication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Prions

A
  1. Abnormal infectious protein without nucleic acid
  2. Resistant to physical and chemical agents
  3. Cause prions disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Families in DNA viruses

A 
6
Herpesviridae
Hepadnaviridae
Parvoviridae
Papovaviridae
Poxviridae
Adenoviridae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nucleic acid for Herpesviridae

A

ds, linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Nucleic acid for Hepadnaviridae

A

ds, circular, incomplete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Nucleic acid for Parvoviridae

A

ss, linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nucleic acid for Papovaviridae

A

ds, circular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Nucleic acid for Poxviridae

A

ds, linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Nucleic acid for Adenoviridae

A

ds, linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Viruses in Herpesviridae family

A

HSV-1, HSV-2
Varicella Zoster
Epstein-Barr
Cytomegalovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Viruses in Papovaviridae family
Human papillomavirus JC virus BK virus
26
Viruses in Poxviridae family
Variola (smallpox) | Molluscum contagiosum virus
27
Families in RNA viruses
``` 13 Arenaviridae Bunyaviridae Coronaviridae Caliciviridae Flaviviridae Filoviridae Orthomyxoviridae Picornaviridae Paramyxoviridae Rhabdoviridae Reoviridae Retroviridae Togaviridae ```
28
RNA families with ss +ve sense RNA
``` Picornaviridae Caliciviridae Togaviridae Flaviviridae Coronaviridae ```
29
RNA families with ss -ve sense RNA
``` Rhabdoviridae Filoviridae Paramyxoviridae Orthomyxoviridae Bunyaviridae Arenaviridae ```
30
RNA family with dsRNA
Reoviridae
31
Nucleic acid in Retroviridae
2 identical copies of +sense ss linear RNA
32
Viruses in Picronaviridae family
``` Polio Coxsackie Echo Entero Rhino Hep A ```
33
Viruses in Caliciviridae family
Norwalk | Hep E
34
Viruses in Togaviridae family
Rubella | Eastern and Western equine encephalitis virus
35
Viruses in Flaviviridae family
Dengue Yellow fever West Nile Hep C
36
Viruses in Coronaviridae family
SARS-CoV | MERS-CoV
37
Viruses in Rhabdoviridae family
Rabies | Vesicular stomatitis virus
38
Viruses in Filoviridae family
Ebola | Marburg
39
Viruses in Paramyxoviridae family
``` Mumps Measles Parainfluenza Nipah Hendra Respiratory Syncytial Virus ```
40
Viruses in Orthomyxoviridae family
Influenza A, B, C, D
41
Viruses in Bunyaviridae family
Hanta | Sandfly fever virus
42
Viruses in Arenaviridae family
Lassa fever virus | Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
43
Viruses in Reoviridae family
Rotavirus Reovirus Colorado tick fever virus
44
Viruses in Retroviridae family
HIV | HTLV (Human T Lymphotropic Virus)
45
Examples of attachment
HIV: Viral surface glycoprotein gp120 binds to CD4 of host Influenza: Viral hemagglutinin binds to glycoprotein receptors on respiratory epithelium
46
Site of nucleic acid replication
DNA - nucleus except Poxvirus | RNA - cytoplasm except Retrovirus and Orthomyxovirus
47
Site of assembly
DNA viruses - nucleus except Poxvirus and Hepadnavirus | RNA viruses - cytoplasm
48
Examples of Defective or Dependoviruses
Hep D requires help of Hep B | Adeno-associated satellite viruses need help of Adenovirus
49
Define inclusion bodies
Aggregates of virions or viral proteins and other products of viral replication that show altered staining pattern. They may be inside host cell cytoplasm/nucleus/both.
50
Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
Acidophilic, seen as pink structures when stained with Eosin Methylene blue stain. Ex: Poxvirus, Rabies
51
Intranuclear inclusion bodies
Basophilic Cowdry Type A: vary in size with granular appearance Cowdry Type B: circumscribed amorphods or hyaline spheres.
52
Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies examples
Negri bodies - Rabies Paschen bodies - Variola Bollinger bodies - Fowlpox Molluscum bodies - molluscum contagiosum virus
53
Cowdry Type A inclusion bodies examples
Torres body - yellow fever virus | Lipschultz body - HSV
54
Cowdry Type B inclusion bodies examples
Poliovirus | Adenovirus
55
Intracytoplasmic and Intranuclear inclusion bodies examples
Owl's eye appearance - cytomegalovirus | Measles virus
56
Stain used in EM
Potassium Phosphotungstate
57
Direct virus detection from specimen in EM is used for
Viruses that are difficult to cultivate Ex: Rotavirus, Hep A, Hep E from faeces CMV from urine
58
Applications of fluorescent microscopy
Dx of Rabies virus Ag from skin biopsies/corneal smear | Dx of Adenovirus from conjunctival smear
59
Detection of Viral Ag examples
1. HBsAg and HBeAg Ag detection 2. NS1 Ag detection for Dengue virus 3. SARS-CoV2 Ag by immunochromatographic assay 4. p24 Ag for HIV
60
Detection of Viral Ab examples
1. Anti-HBc, Anti-HBs, Anti-HBe Abs in serum for Hep B | 2. Abs against HIV-1, HIV-2
61
Yolk sac inoculation can be used for
Arbovirus, | Some bacteria like Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Hemophilus ducreyi
62
Amniotic sac inoculation can be used for
Influenza virus
63
Allantoic sac inoculation can be used for
Viral vaccines like influenza, yellow fever vaccine
64
Chorioallantoic membrane inoculation can be used for
Poxvirus
65
Organ culture used for
Fastidious viruses with affinity to specific organs | Ex: Tracheal ring culture for coronavirus
66
Explant culture used for
Adenoid explants used for adenovirus
67
Primary cell lines with examples
Derv. from normal cells 5-10 divisions Diploid karyosome Ex: Monkey kidney cell line for Myxovirus, Enterovirus, Adenovirus Human amnion cell line Chick embryo cell line
68
Secondary cell lines with examples
Derv. from normal cells 10-50 divisions Diploid karyosome Ex: Human fibroblast cell line for recovery of CMV MRC-5 and WI-38
69
Continuous cell lines with examples
Derv. from cancerous cell lines Immortal Altered haploid chromosome Ex: HeLa cell line HEp-2 cell line KB cell line
70
Inactivated vaccines examples
1. Rabies neural vaccine (Semple vaccine, BPL vaccine) - derv. from sheep brain 2. Rabies non-neural vaccine a. Purified Chick Embryo Cell (PCEC) vaccine - from chicken fibroblast cell line b. Human Diploid Cell vaccine - form human fetal lung fibroblast cell line
71
Subunit vaccine examples
Presents Ag to immune system w/o pathogen particles 1. Hep B surface Ag - from yeast 2. L1 protein for papillomavirus - from yeast
72
Live attenuated vaccine examples
``` Mumps Measles Rubella Chickenpox Smallpox Rotavirus Adenovirus ```
73
Live inactivated vaccine examples
1. Polio - Live Oral Polio Vaccine, Killed Injectable Polio Vaccine 2. Influenza - Killed and live attenuated (intranasal) 3. Hep A - Inactivated, live attenuated

Microbiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions