Genetics

Question 1

Somatic Cells

Answer 1

normal body cells

Question 2

Gametes

Answer 2

sex cells

Question 3

Autosomes

Answer 3

chromosomes that contain not related to sex

Question 4

Sex Chromosomes

Answer 4

chromosomes that contsin genes related to sex

Question 5

Homologus Chromosomes

Answer 5

chromosomes that share the same gene but different alleles

Question 6

Sister Chromatids

Answer 6

Halves of a duplicated chromosome

Question 7

Diploid

Answer 7

Full set of chromosomes (normal body cells)

Question 8

Haploid

Answer 8

Half of full set of chromosomes (sex cells)

Question 9

Meiosis

Answer 9

replication of sex cells

Question 10

Meiosis 1

Answer 10

first part of meiosis which produces two haploid cells

Question 11

Meiosis 2

Answer 11

final part of meiosis which produces four haploid cells

Question 12

Spermatogenesis

Answer 12

result of meiosis that produces 4 sperm cells

Question 13

Oogenesis

Answer 13

result of meiosis that produces 1 egg and 3 polar body

Question 14

Gregor Mendel

Answer 14

Father of Genetics

Question 15

Law of Dominance

Answer 15

hybrid offspring will only inherit the dominant trait in the phenotype

Question 16

Law of Segregation

Answer 16

during the production of gametes, two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent

Question 17

Law of Independant Assortment

Answer 17

that a pair of traits segregate independantly of another pair during gamete formation

Question 18

Homozygous Dominant

Answer 18

having two dominant genes

Question 19

Homozygous Recessive

Answer 19

having to recessive genes

Question 20

Herterzygous

Answer 20

having one recessive and one dominant gene

Question 21

Hereditary

Answer 21

inherited traits from your parents

Question 22

Gene

Answer 22

segment of DNA that codes for a protein

Question 23

Allele

Answer 23

different variations of a gene

Question 24

Dominant Gene

Answer 24

gene that overshadows the other

Question 25

Recessive Gene

Answer 25

gene that is overshadowed by the other

Question 26

Genome

Answer 26

The complete set of DNA in a organism

Question 27

Phenotype

Answer 27

the physical expression of a genotype

Question 28

Genotype

Answer 28

which gene you have

Question 29

Truebreeding

Answer 29

when plants self pollinate, all their offspring are the same variety

Question 30

Hybridization

Answer 30

mating or crossing of two varieties

Question 31

Hybrid

Answer 31

offspring of cross between two varieties

Question 32

Monohybrid

Answer 32

cross between organisms for one trait

Question 33

Dihybrid

Answer 33

cross between organisms which are identical hybrids for two traits

Question 34

P generation

Answer 34

true breeding parents

Question 35

F1 generation

Answer 35

(first filial) hybrid offspring of the P generation

Question 36

F2 generation

Answer 36

(second filial) offspring from the self fertilization of the F1 hybrids

Question 37

Prophase 1

Answer 37

homologous chromosomes pair up *crossing over occurs*

Question 38

Metaphase 1

Answer 38

chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 39

Anaphase 1

Answer 39

entire chromosome sets pulled to poles

Question 40

Telophase 1

Answer 40

cells split to form 2 daughter cells

Question 41

Prophase 2

Answer 41

DNA condenses and nuclear membrane dissolves

Question 42

Metaphase 2

Answer 42

chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 43

Anaphase 2

Answer 43

chromatids are pulled apart at the centromeres

Question 44

Telophase 2

Answer 44

both cells split into 4 cells *spermatogenesis* *oogenesis*

Question 45

Sex Linked Inheritance

Answer 45

gene carried on one of the sex chromosomes

Question 46

Carriers

Answer 46

females that carry only one defective X chromosomes

Question 47

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 47

results in the blending of traits

Question 48

CoDominance

Answer 48

result in both traits being equally expressed

Question 49

Karotype

Answer 49

magnified display of someone's chromosomes