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BS0012 > GI tract > Flashcards

GI tract Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of gut epithelia

A

Stratified Squamous
Specialised simple columnar epithelia

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2
Q

3 salivary glands

A

Parotid
Submandibular
Su lingual

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3
Q

Role of saliva
[3]

A

Digestion
Lubrication
Protection

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4
Q

How does saliva help with digestion

A

Contains enzymes that breakdown food

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5
Q

How does saliva help with lubrication

A

Moistens food, easier to chew and swallow

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6
Q

How does saliva help with protection

A

Saliva has properties to help defend against harmful bacteria

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7
Q

How does saliva help with taste

A

Takes taste molecules to receptors on the tongue

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8
Q

2 main types of glands

A

Exocrine glands
Endocrine glands

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9
Q

Exocrine gland

A

Secrete products into ducts

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10
Q

Endocrine gland

A

Release their products

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11
Q

Role of glands

A

Regulation
Protection
Digestion
Lubrication

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12
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharnyx
Laryngopharynx

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13
Q

How does saliva help with ph regulation

A

Neutralise acids so no tooth decay

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14
Q

What is a gland

A

Specialised organ that produce and release substances

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15
Q

How do glands help with regulation

A

ENDOCRINE
Maintain homeostasis

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16
Q

How do glands help with protection

A

EXOCRINE
produce mucus and sweat to protect the body

17
Q

How do glands help with lubrication

A

Keep skin and hair lubricated, prevent dryness

18
Q

How do glands help with digestion

A

Release enzymes to breakdown food

19
Q

Steps of swallowing

A

Oral preparation
Oral transit
Initiation of the swallow reflex
Soft palate elevation

20
Q

Oral preparation

A

Food placed in mouth
Chew and mix with saliva
Forms bolus

21
Q

Bolus

A

Rounded mass of food

22
Q

Oral transit

A

Tongue pushes bolus back
Positioned for swallow

23
Q

Initiation of swallow reflex

A

Bolus in oropharynx trigger swallow reflex
Automatic + involuntary

24
Q

Soft plate elevation

A

Nasal passage closed off to stop food entering nasal cavity

25
Q

Specialised cells in the stomach

A

Goblet cells
Parietal cells
Chief cells
D cells
G cells

26
Q

What do Goblet cells secrete

A

Mucus
Protect stomach lining

27
Q

What do parietal cells secrete

A

Gastric acid

28
Q

What do chief cells secrete

A

Pepsinogen

29
Q

What do D cells secrete

A

Somatostatin

30
Q

What do G cells secret

A

Gastrin

BS0012 (12 decks)

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