Global Ecological Spatial Patterns Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is a thematic map and what is a physical map?
In a thematic map, the goal is to showcase a different mix of factors such as the solar radiation, light, vegetation and others. While a physical map has the main goal of showcasing the elevations.
Why is Troll’s map relevant to Spatial Science? Which elements are accounted for?
Troll’s map is relevant for Spatial Science because it influences the subsequent studies. It takes into account:
1) Solar radiation
2) Temperature (not always connected to solar radiation but also altitude etc)
3) Precipitations or HUMID SEASON.
Which zones are mentioned in Troll’s maps?
1) Polar & Subpolar zone
2) Temperate Boral Zone
3) Cool Temperate Zone (steps)
4) Warm Temperate Subtropical Zones
5) Literal Climates with Mist
6) Tropical Zones
What is a temperature isopleth diagram? What are its components?
The temperature isopleth diagram describes the average daily variation in temperatures across different months. This allows us to have a year view of the variations.
What are some elements that can be found in a temperature isopleth diagram?
1) Contour lines (indicating the degres) > one line = one temperature
2) Location coordinate
What is the main difference between SEASONAL CLIMATE and DIURNAL CLIMATE? Where can I find them?
Seasonal Climate can be found above the tropics (e.g. Europe) and it allows us to have CONCRETE differences between the seasons. Instead, we find Diurnal climates in areas closer to the equator (eg. Deserts are colder at night and extremely hot in the day)
What is the difference between the models proposed by Koppen and the models proposed by Sigmund?
The model proposed by Koppen has various enrichments but Sigmund proposes also the inclusion of the richness of montains and the ocean movements.
What is biogeography?
Biogeography looks at the evolution patterns but also at the distribution of the fauna and the flora across the globe.
Why are there more species in north america compared to europe?
The richness in species in North America is due to the position of the montain compared to the equator line. Once it is winter, animals can easily cross to the south avoiding extinction while in europe there are more difficulties.
What is the Wallace Line and what does it mean?
Wallace is the one to identify that there are boundaries between species and biogeographic regions. Ex. Mammals are not present in australia.
What is the Banda Sea?
The Banda Sea is a transition location situated in Asia that separates and connects two different biogeographic areas.
What is the difference between the Wallace Line and the Weber Line?
The Wallace Line simply identified the biogeographic limitations from an earth standpoint, while Weber focused on the diversity of the types of fish (water-based research).
How many platkingdom zones are there?
Kapensis
Neotropis
Holarktis
Paleotropis
Australis
Why are there different plat locations and kigdoms geographically speaking?
1) Diff climate conditions
2) Composition of the flora overall
3) Geological History
Who designed the Ecozones and what are they?
Ecozones were based on troll’s frameworks but developed by Schultz in 1988. The difference they have from Troll’s findings is that they consider CLIMATE GENESIS & MORPHODYNAMICS as well as bioloss. The Ecozones are also LATITUDE DEPENDANT.
What are biogeographic realms?
Biogeographic realms are bigger realities compared to the ecozones and there are 8 of them in total.
Mention all biogeographic realms?
1) Neartic
2) Neotropic
3) Oceania
4) Australasia
5) Antartic
6) Indo-Malay
7) Afrotropic
8) Paleártico
What is the difference between the ecozone and the ecoregions?
They refer to a similar concept. However, the ecozone refers to a bigger dimension compared to the ecoregions (867 units).
What is the difference between Bioregions and bio realms?
Similarly to ecozones and ecoregions, the bioregions are more sectoral and precise areas of the globe compared to the bigger realms.
What does endemism mean?
Endemism means that a species is native to a territory or restricted to it.
What is the Bergmann’s rule?
The Bergmann’s rule means that the size of the animals vary according to the LATITUDE. This means that animals that need to protect themselves from the cold will have BIGGER SURFACES while animals that cannot keep their temperature will be SMALLER in size. Valid only for ENDOTHERMIC animals.
What does Convergence mean?
Convergence is a phenomenon that happens to species that are born in DIFFERENT places but with a VERY SIMILAR CONDITION. Because of this factors, these plants develop with analogue structures but are NOT RELATED.
Can you mention some remote sensing satellites?
1) MODIS
2) NOAA
3) GOES
4) NOAA-21
