Global Warming

Question 1

what gasses does the Earth’s atmosphere consist of?

Answer 1

20% oxygen
79% nitrogen
Small amounts of carbon dioxide, argon and water.

Question 2

Inert?

Answer 2

Does not react

Question 3

Combustion?

Answer 3

Burning of substance in oxygen.

Question 4

How do scientists make ammonia gas?

Answer 4

From nitrogen in the air

Question 5

What does scientists use ammonia gas for?

Answer 5

Fertilizers
Cleaning products
Explosives

Question 6

Why does nitrogen need to dilute the air?

Answer 6

Breathing in pure oxygen can be dangerous to our health

Limits harmful effect of combustion.

Question 7

How do aquatic animals breathe?

Answer 7

They use oxygen dissolved in water. The oxygen in the air dissolves when come in contact with water. As long as the water surface is exposed to air, the water will contain oxygen.

Question 8

Argon?

Answer 8

Inert
If light bulb filled with air, thin metal thread inside will react with the oxygen. Will cause filament to burn away quickly. Since argon does not react with the filament, it is used to fill light bulbs.

Question 9

Properties of oxygen?

Answer 9

Colorless
Odorless
Tasteless
Slightly denser than air

Question 10

Preparation of oxygen?

Answer 10

Can be made by adding a catalyst, manganese oxide to hydrogen peroxide. In the reaction, hydrogen peroxide is broken apart to form oxygen gas and water.

Question 11

How do you test for a gas?

Answer 11

1. Light a match or splint and quickly blow it out. Make sure it continues to glow.
2. Place splint at mouth of jar.
3. Glowing splint will re-ignite when gas is oxygen.

Question 12

What do we call products of reactions with oxygen?

Answer 12

Oxides

Question 13

How is rust formed?

Answer 13

When iron reacts with oxygen. Reaction needs water to get going. Iron oxide.

Question 14

What is the word equation for rust oxide?

Answer 14

Iron + oxygen + water -> iron oxide

Question 15

Example of poisonous gas?

Answer 15

Carbon monoxide

Question 16

How is carbon monoxide formed?

Answer 16

Carbon burns in too little oxygen.

Question 17

What happens when carbon burns with lots of oxygen?

Answer 17

Carbon dioxide forms.

Question 18

Fossil fuels?

Answer 18

Natural fuels formed by the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago.

Question 19

What is the role of oxygen in combustion?

Answer 19

When something burns in oxygen, there is more light and heat produced than was needed to start the reaction.

Question 20

What is combustion?

Answer 20

Process in which a substance is chemically combined with oxygen to release energy in the form of heat and light. (Burning)

Question 21

What is the word equation for carbon dioxide given off?

Answer 21

Carbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + heat + light

Question 22

Examples of fossil fuels?

Answer 22

Charcoal, petrol, natural gas

Question 23

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 23

Use water light and carbon dioxide to create food and oxygen. They produce glucose, which is a simple sugar stored in plant. At night, plant combines glucose with with oxygen to produce energy.

Question 24

How can you use oxygen in life, health and medical uses?

Answer 24

Hospitals: O2 in tanks for people problems breathing.

Mountain climbers and deep sea divers: tanks of oxygen for when natural supply not enough or present at all.

Question 25

What are the uses of oxygen for industrial purposes?

Answer 25

During production of steel, oxygen gas blown through molten steel to purify it. In metal cutting and welding, oxygen mixed with another chemical to create fuel: At high pressure, mixture burns strongly to produce flame strong enough to cut metals by melting them.

Question 26

Ozone?

Answer 26

Gas made of O3 molecules.

Question 27

Ultraviolet radiation?

Answer 27

Rays emitted by sun, can cause damage to humans.

Question 28

Ozone layer?

Answer 28

Protective layer around the earth.

Question 29

How is the ozone formed?

Answer 29

Formed in upper atmosphere of Earth ultraviolet radiation strikes oxygen molecules. UV light is form of energy that can split the O2 molecules in 2 to create individual oxygen atoms. One atom, combines with another O2 molecule, making ozone molecule. Continuous cycle.

Question 30

How does striking lightning affect the ozone?

Answer 30

Produce certain chemicals to react with other in air to form ozone. Closer to Earth, do not contribute to ozone layer.

Question 31

Physical properties of carbon dioxide?

Answer 31

``` Colorless Odorless Denser than air Tastes slightly sour Dissolves in water. ```

Question 32

How do you test for CO2?

Answer 32

Test tube containing gas, must have a test tube stopper in it. Make sure that the delivery tube in the second test tube reaches below level of clear lime water. Gas that you want to test will move through the delivery tube. Once the gas starts to bubble through the lime water, it will turn the water milky in color.

Question 33

Other name for lime water?

Answer 33

Calcium hydroxide

Question 34

What is the science behind test with the gas and the calcium hydroxide?

Answer 34

Powder dissolved in water. When CO2 bubble through solution, reacts, a white solid substance called calcium carbonate and water are produced. Solid white substance reason why turn milky. Particles so small, we only see milky solution.

Question 35

What is the word equation for the reaction of CO2 in lime water?

Answer 35

Calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide -> calcium carbonate + water.

Question 36

Fermentation?

Answer 36

Process of changing a sugar into an acid, gas or alcohol.

Question 37

The process of fermentation?

Answer 37

Sugar turned into CO2 and alcohol, or acid, by micro organisms such as yeast, where there is no oxygen.

Question 38

How is bread formed?

Answer 38

Made in open air with lots of air around. Micro-organisms convert sugar to carbon dioxide, and only little bit of alcohol and more energy. Use energy as food to grow or multiply in numbers.

Question 39

Give a word equation for an example of combustion.

Answer 39

Carbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide

Question 40

Uses for carbon dioxide?

Answer 40

Fire extinguishing: sprayed, layer blocks O2. Keep things cold: frozen, colder than regular ice, keep cold longer dry ice. Photosynthesis: plants use carbon dioxide to make O2. Atmospheric gas: keep atmosphere warm enough for us to survive.

Question 41

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 41

Sun provides energy for Earth. Some energy absorbed by Earth’s surface, so heats up. To cool off, release different type of energy: infrared radiation: But instead of being lost in space, greenhouse gasses in atmosphere absorb some of it.

Question 42

Infrared radiation?

Answer 42

Type of energy that comes from anything that has heat energy.

Question 43

Greenhouse gasses?

Answer 43

Atmospheric gasses that can absorb infrared radiation. (CO2 and water vapor)

Question 44

Greenhouse effect?

Answer 44

Trapping of earth’s heat in the atmosphere by greenhouse gasses.

Question 45

What will be the effect of global warming?

Answer 45

Temps will continue to increase Warm dry places: warmer and drier Tropic areas: even wetter Other will experience complete change in climate - change in environment

Question 46

Global warming?

Answer 46

Gradual heating of Earth caused by too much carbon dioxide in atmosphere.

Question 47

Climate change?

Answer 47

Gradual changing of climate and environment, due to global warming.

Question 48

What can we do to reduce the impacts of global warming?

Answer 48

Walk or cycle Don’t waste energy Reuse, reduce, recycle Plant a tree

Question 49

Of what is carbon dioxide a product?

Answer 49

Respiration Fermentation Combustion