globalisation and attitudes + behaviours

Question 1

Attitude

Answer 1

an expression of favour or disfavour toward a person, event, or object

Question 2

Affective component

Answer 2

a person’s feelings or emotions about a person, event, or object

Question 3

Behavioural component

Answer 3

the way the attitude affects how we act toward a person, event, or object

Question 4

Cognitive component

Answer 4

a person’s beliefs or knowledge about a person, event, or object

Question 5

Principle of consistency

Answer 5

usually expect the behaviour of a person to be consistent with the attitudes that they hold

Question 6

Exclusionary reaction

Answer 6

a negative, emotion-driven reaction against another culture because of a perceived threat to one’s local culture. This often occurs when identification with the local culture is strong

Question 7

Integrative reaction

Answer 7

sees other cultures as a resource for problem-solving. This tends to occur when local cultural identification is weak, people do not feel that the other culture is a threat to their own and the goal is not to find the “correct answer” to a problem

Question 8

Contact hypothesis

Answer 8

through positive contact with out-groups, we improve inter-group relationships

Question 9

Dynamic constructivist theory of culture

Answer 9

by being exposed to a culture, people develop a cognitive representation of the culture made up of a central concept (e.g. “American culture”) that is linked to different traits of that culture.

Question 10

Dynamic constructivist theory of culture (therefore)

Answer 10

when the central concept is activated, this cue leads to the spontaneous activation of knowledge of traits associated with that culture. So, when shown an image associated with the culture – e.g the Statue of Liberty – one’s awareness of their culture’s values is enhanced.

Question 11

Marginalisation

Answer 11

when a person experiences identity confusion as a result of losing faith in the local culture during exposure to globalization but feels excluded from the global culture at the same time

Question 12

Social isolation syndrome

Answer 12

culture-bound syndrome found primarily in Japan, where young Japanese may lock themselves in their rooms and refuse to come out for years at a time

Question 13

Social isolation syndrome characteristics

Answer 13

1. No motivation to participate in school or work
2. No signs of other psychological disorders
3. Persistent social withdrawal for at least six months

Question 14

Operationalising variables

Answer 14

translating abstract psychological concepts into measurable, observable, and quantifiable terms