Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Master the boards: Nephrology > Glomerular Diseases > Flashcards

Glomerular Diseases Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What can all Glomerular Diseases Cause?

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most accurate test for Glomerular Disease?

A

Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What drugs are commonly used to treat Glomerular Disease?

A

Immunosuppressive Medication: Cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What diagnostic tests results are commonly seen in Glomerular Disease?

A

UA with hematuria: dysmorphic RBC as they squeeze through abnormal glomerulus
RBC Casts
low Urine Na
low FENa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What lab value can be used to help differentiate causes of Glomerular Disease?

A

Complement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes of Glomerular Disease are associated with Low Cā€™?

A

SLE
Endocarditis
Cryoglobulinemia
Post-Streptococcal Glomerular Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What causes of Glomerular Disease are associated with Normal Cā€™?

A

Vasculitis: GPA, EoGPA
Goodpasture Syndrome
IgA
HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does Goodpasture Syndrome present?

A

Lung and kidney involvement: there is no upper respiratory tract involvement

No signs of systemic vasculitis, no skin, joint, GI eye or neuro involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the best initial test for Goodpasture syndrome?

A

Antiglomerular basement membrane test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most accurate test for Goodpasture Syndrome?

A

Lung or Kidney Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do you treat Goodpasture Syndrome?

A

Plasmapheresis and Steroids

Cyclophosphamide can be helpful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the most common cause of Acute Glomerulonephritis in the United States?

A

IgA Nephropathy (Berger Diease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does IgA Nephropathy (Berger Disease) typically present?

A

Recurrent episodes of gross hematuria 12 days after an URT infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the only accurate test to diagnose IgA Nephropathy (Berger Disease)?

A

Kidney Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the treatment options for IgA Nephropathy (Berger Disease)

A

ACE-I and Steroids for severe proteinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the most common cause of Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis?

A

Streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When does Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis typically present?

A

1-3 weeks after throat infection or skin infection (impetigo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do patients with Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis typically present?

A

Dark (Cola-colored) urine
Edema: often Periorbital
Hypertension
Oliguria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the best initial test for Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis?

A

Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titers and Anti-DNAse antibody titers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the most accurate test for Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis?

A

Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What UA findings tells you that Glomerulonephritis is present?

Study These Flashcards
A

Proteinuria, RBC and RBC casts

22
Q

How do you treat Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Supportive therapies: Antibiotics, diuretics to control fluid overload

23
Q

What is Alport Syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A

Congenital defect of collagen that results in Glomerular disease with Sensorineural hearing loss and visual disturbances

24
Q

What causes visual Disturbances in Alport Syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A

Loss of collagen fibers that hold the lens in place

25
What Type of Collagen is Defective in Alport Syndrome?
Type IV Collagen
26
What organ is most commonly affected by Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)?
The kidneys
27
What disease is PAN commonly associated with?
Hepatitis B or C
28
How does PAN commonly present?
Glomerulonephritis and nonspecific features such as fever, weight loss, myalgia/arthralgies over weeks to months
29
What are common GI findings of PAN?
Abdominal pain, bleeding, nausea, vomiting pain can be worsened by eating from mesenteric ischemia
30
What are common Neurological findings in PAN?
Neuropathy from damaged vessels surrounding nerves classic mononeuritis multiplex
31
What are common skin findings seen in PAN?
Purpura (large) and Petechiae (Small), Ulcers, digital gangrene and livedo reticularis
32
What are common blood test findings in PAN?
Anemia and Leukocytosis Elevated ESR and CRP ANA and RF may be (+)
33
What is the best initial test for PAN?
Angiography of the renal, mesenteric or hepatic artery showing aneurysmal dilation in association with new-onset HTN and characteristic symptoms
34
What is the most accurate test for PAN?
Biopsy of a symptomatic site: skin, nerves, muscles
35
How do you treat PAN?
Prednisone + Cyclophosphamide Also treat Hep B or Hep C if present
36
What is the most accurate test for Lupus Nephritis?
Biopsy to determine treatment based on stage
37
How do you treat mild inflammatory changes in Lupus Nephritis?
Glucocorticoids
38
How do you treat severe, proliferative Lupus Nephritis?
Glucocorticoids + Cyclophosphamide or Mycophenolate
39
What is amyloid production associated with?
Myeloma Chronic Inflammatory Disease Rheumatoid Arthritis Inflammatory Bowel Disease Chronic Infections
40
What is the most accurate test for Amyloid kidney?
Biopsy showing apple green birefringence with congo red staining
41
How do you treat Amyloid Kidney?
Control the underlying disease Melphalan, Prednisone, Bortezomib Patisiran and Tafamidis
42
What is Nephrotic Syndrome?
Measure of severity of Proteinuria with glomerular disease: proteinuria is so severe that the liver cannot increase albumin production to compensate for urinary losses
43
What other conditions are most commonly associated with Nephrotic Syndrome?
Diabetes and Hypertension
44
How can Massive Proteinuria present?
Edema: periorbital Hyperlipidemia Thrombosis/clots: loss of natural anticoagulant proteins Infections: loss of Ig and C'
45
What is the best initial test for Nephrotic Syndrome?
Urine albumin/Cr spot urine ratio -avg protein produced over 24 hours -2:1 = 2 grams protein excreted over 24 hours
46
What is the most accurate test for Nephrotic Syndrome?
Renal Biopsy
47
What are the different types of Nephrotic Syndrome?
Focal-Segmental Membranous Membranoproliferative Minimal Change Mesangail
48
By definition, what is Nephrotic Syndrome?
Hyperproteinuria >3.5g/24 hours Hypoproteinemia Hyperlipidemia Edema
49
What lab values are seen with Nephrotic Syndrome?
Lipid levels rise: lipoproteins that turn off production are lost in urine Fe, Cu, Zn are low because carrier proteins are lost in urine
50
What are the different treatment options for Nephrotic Syndromes
Glucocorticoids Cyclophosphamide ACE-I or ARB to control proteinuria Salt restriction and diuretics to manage edema Statins to manage hyperlipidemia

Master the boards: Nephrology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions