Glossary

Question 1

sympathomimetic drug that mimics the action of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 1

Adrenergic

Question 2

drugs used in combination with other antibiotics that treat many infections caused by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria

Answer 2

Aminoglycosides

Question 3

a drug used to stimulate the central nervous system, especially with poisoning by CNS depressants

Answer 3

Analeptic

Question 4

medication that alleviates pain

Answer 4

Analgesic

Question 5

male hormones that stimulate the development of male characteristics

Answer 5

Androgens

Question 6

agent that neutralizes gastric hydrochloric acid

Answer 6

Antacid

Question 7

drugs that controls or prevents cardiac irregularities

Answer 7

Antiarrhythmic

Question 8

drugs that blocks the action of the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 8

Anticholinergic

Question 9

medications used to prevent formation of clots or decrease the extension of existing clots in such conditions as venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and coronary occulsion

Answer 9

Anticoagulants

Question 10

medication used to reduce the number and/or severity of seizures in patients with epilepsy

Answer 10

Anticonvulsants

Question 11

medication used to treat patients with various types of depression; sometimes called mood elevators

Answer 11

Antidepressant

Question 12

medication to lower blood glucose levels in those with impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Answer 12

Antidiabetic

Question 13

medication that reduces the number of loose stools

Answer 13

Antidiarrhea

Question 14

substance that neutralizes poisons or toxic substances

Answer 14

Antidote

Question 15

drug that prevents or treats nausea, vomiting, or motion sickness

Answer 15

Antiemetic

Question 16

symptomatic treatment of gastric bloating or GI gas pain

Answer 16

Antiflatulent

Question 17

medication used in the treatment of candidial and other specific susceptible fungi

Answer 17

Antifungal

Question 18

medications used to lower intraocular pressure

Answer 18

Antiglaucoma drugs

Question 19

medications that provide symptomatic relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release

Answer 19

Antihistamines

Question 20

medications used in the treatment and management of all degrees of hypertension

Answer 20

Antihypertensives

Question 21

medication used in the treatment of infections; includes antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals

Answer 21

Anti-infective

Question 22

medication used to relieve inflammation

Answer 22

Anti-inflammatory

Question 23

drug that lowers the serum cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and increases the high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)

Answer 23

Antilipemic

Question 24

drugs that block cholinergic stimuli at muscarinic receptors. A type of anticholinergic. Also called parasympatholytics

Answer 24

Antimuscarinics

Question 25

agent that prevents the development, growth, or spreading malignant cells

Answer 25

Antineoplastic

Question 26

agent that prevents or inhibits oxidation or cell destruction in damaged or aging tissues. A compound that fights against the destructive effects of free radical formation

Answer 26

Antioxidant

Question 27

medications used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease to relive symptoms and maintain mobility, but do not cure the disease

Answer 27

Antiparkinsonian drugs

Question 28

products applied topically to alleviate itching

Answer 28

Antipruritic

Question 29

major tranquilizers used to relieve symptoms of psychoses or severe neuroses; sometimes call neuroleptics

Answer 29

Antipsychotic

Question 30

medication to reduce fever

Answer 30

Antipyretic

Question 31

substances that inhibit the growth of bacteria

Answer 31

Antiseptic

Question 32

medications used to reduce the strength and frequency of contractions of the urinary bladder and to decrease gastrointestinal motility

Answer 32

Antispasmodics

Question 33

medication used to relieve the symptoms of hyperthyroidism in preparations for surgical or radioactive iodine therapy

Answer 33

Antithyroid

Question 34

medications used to treat asymptomatic infection, and to treat active clinical tuberculosis and prevent relapse

Answer 34

Antituberculosis agents

Question 35

medication that suppresses coughing

Answer 35

Antitussive

Question 36

drug that reduces gastric acid secretion, or that acts to prevent or treat gastric or duodenal ulcers

Answer 36

Antiulcer

Question 37

medications used to treat viruses, e.g., HIV and herpes

Answer 37

Antiviral

Question 38

antianxiety medications (tranquilizers) used for the short-term treatment of anxiety disorders, neurosis, some psychosomatic disorders, and insomnia

Answer 38

Anxiolytics

Question 39

medications used for prophylaxis and treatment of chronic asthmas. Bronchodilators are used for acute asthmatic attack

Answer 39

Asthma treatment

Question 40

destroying bacteria

Answer 40

Bactericidal

Question 41

inhibiting or retarding bacterial growth

Answer 41

Bacteriostatic

Question 42

drug that blocks the action of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 42

Beta-blocker

Question 43

drug used to reduce prostate size and associated urinary obstruction and manifestations in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

Answer 43

BPH therapy

Question 44

medications that relax the smooth muscles of the bronchial tree, thereby relieving bronchospasm and increasing the vital capacity of the lungs

Answer 44

Bronchodilators

Question 45

drugs that reduce the hydrogen and bicarbonate ions and have a diuretic effect (increasing the excretion of fluids from the body through the urine)

Answer 45

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Question 46

medication used primarily in the treatment of congestive heart failure

Answer 46

Cardiac glycosides

Question 47

increasing the force and efficiency of contractions of the heart muscle

Answer 47

Cardiotonic

Question 48

mediators released at the sympathetic nerve endings (e.g., epinephrine and norepinephrine)

Answer 48

Catecholamines

Question 49

semisynthetic antibiotic derivatives produced by a fungus

Answer 49

Cephalosporins

Question 50

parasympathomimetic drug that mimics the action of the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 50

Cholinergic

Question 51

medications used for birth

Answer 51

Contraceptives

Question 52

medications used in the treatment of angina

Answer 52

Coronary vasodilators

Question 53

drug that paralyzes the muscles of accommodation for eye examinations

Answer 53

Cycloplegic

Question 54

drugs that constrict blood vessels in the respiratory tract, resulting in shrinkage of swollen mucous membranes and opened nasal airway passages

Answer 54

Decongenstants

Question 55

medication used topically to protect or soothe minor dermatological conditions such as diaper rash, abrasions, and minor burns

Answer 55

Demulcent

Question 56

medication that increases urine excretion

Answer 56

Diuretic

Question 57

agent that induces vomiting

Answer 57

Emetic

Question 58

medication used topically to protect or soothe minor dermatological conditions, such as diaper rash, abrasions, and minor burns

Answer 58

Emollient

Question 59

drugs that increase secretions, reduce viscosity, and help to expel sputum

Answer 59

Expectorants

Question 60

drug that promotes sleep

Answer 60

Hypnotic

Question 61

antihypertensive; medication used in the treatment of hypertension

Answer 61

Hypotensive

Question 62

decreasing the production of antibodies and phagocytes and depressing the inflammatory reaction

Answer 62

Immunosuppressive

Question 63

an agent that promotes loosening or scaling of the outer layer of the skin

Answer 63

Keratolytic

Question 64

drugs that promote evacuation of the intestine

Answer 64

Laxatives

Question 65

medication administered to produce temporary loos of sensation or feeling in a specific area

Answer 65

Local anesthetic

Question 66

drugs that cause the pupil to contract

Answer 66

Miotic

Question 67

medication that liquefies pulmonary secretions

Answer 67

Mucolytic

Question 68

drug that dilates the pupil

Answer 68

Mydriatic

Question 69

NSAID

Answer 69

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Question 70

analgesics, controlled substances, whose action is similar to opium in altering the perception of pain; can be natural or synthetic

Answer 70

Opioids

Question 71

medications used to reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure

Answer 71

Osmotic agents

Question 72

anticholinergics; medications that decrease the chemical that promotes bronchospasm

Answer 72

Parasysmpatholytics

Question 73

antibiotics produced from certain species of a fungus

Answer 73

Penicillins

Question 74

a drug that inhibits platelet aggregation (clumping) to prevent clots

Answer 74

Platelet inhibitor

Question 75

any substance that acts on the mind

Answer 75

Psychotropic

Question 76

controlled substances used to promote sedation in smaller doses and to promote sleep in larger doses

Answer 76

Sedatives

Question 77

medication used to treat some musculoskeletal disorders associated with pain, spasm, abnormal contraction, or impaired mobility

Answer 77

Skeletal muscle relaxants

Question 78

local anesthetic solutions injected intrathecally (into the sub-arachnoid space of the spinal canal) either in the lumbar region or lower (saddle block), depending on the area to be anesthetized

Answer 78

Spinal anesthesia

Question 79

antidepressants that block the reabsorption of the neurotransmitter serotonin, thus helping to restore the brain's chemical balance

Answer 79

SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)

Question 80

anti-infectives used in combinations with other drugs to slow development of resistance; used in treatment of UTI, enteritis, and opportunistic infections of AIDS

Answer 80

Sulfonamides

Question 81

oral antidiabetic drug for treatment of type II diabetes

Answer 81

Sulfonylurea

Question 82

adrenergic drug that mimics the action of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 82

Sympathomimetic

Question 83

broad-spectrum antibiotics used in the treatment of infections caused by rickettsia, chlamydia, or some uncommon bacteria

Answer 83

Tetracyclines

Question 84

medications used to dissolve clots after they have formed

Answer 84

Thrombolytic agents

Question 85

application of a local anesthetic directly to the surface of the area to be anesthesized

Answer 85

Topical anesthesia

Question 86

antidepressants that elevate the mood, have a mild sedative effect, and increase appetite

Answer 86

Tricyclics

Question 87

Promoting urinary excretion of uric acid

Answer 87

Uricosuric

Question 88

medication used to relieve burning, pain, and discomfort in the urinary tract mucosa

Answer 88

Urinary analgesic

Question 89

drugs used for initial or recurrent urinary tract infections caused by susceptible organisms, usually bacteriostatic instead of bactericidal

Answer 89

Urinary anti-infectives

Question 90

drug that narrows blood vessels resulting in increased blood pressure; used in the treatment of shock

Answer 90

Vasoconstrictor

Question 91

a drug that expands the walls of the blood vessels, improving blood flow and resulting in a lowering of blood pressure

Answer 91

Vasodilator

Question 92

medications that indirectly increase the chemical that causes bronchodilation; used particularly for treatment of acute asthmatic attacks

Answer 92

Xanthines