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Gross Anatomy > Gluteal, Thigh, Hip > Flashcards

Gluteal, Thigh, Hip Flashcards

1
Q

The fascia lata is formed by what two fascial layers

A

External oblique aponeurosis & Scarpa’s fascia

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2
Q

The fascia lata is thicker on the _____ side, forming the ______

A

Lateral side

Forms iliotibial tract

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3
Q

The iliotibial tract attaches to _____

A

Gerdy’s (anterolateral) tubercle

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4
Q

Describe the path of the great saphenous v. from the foot

A

Starts in the dorsal venous arch of foot

Courses in front of medial malleolus

Courses behind the knee

Continues up, drains into femoral v.

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5
Q

What causes varicose veins?

A

The failure of venous valves, resulting in higher pressure blood from the deep veins being pushed toward the superficial veins, causing swelling.

May also be caused by weakness in the walls of the vessels.

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6
Q

Branches of the femoral artery?

A

Superficial circumflex iliac

Superficial epigastric

Superficial external pudendal

Descending genicular

Deep femoral (Profunda femoris)

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7
Q

Branches of deep femoral artery?

A

Lateral femoral circumflex

Medial femoral circumflex

Perforating arteries

Descending branch

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8
Q

The medial femoral circumflex artery runs between which two muscles?

A

Iliopsoas & pectineus

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9
Q

The femoral artery becomes the _____ after it exits the adductor hiatus.

A

Popliteal artery

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10
Q

Branches of popliteal artery?

A

Superior lateral genicular

Superior medial genicular

Inferior lateral genicular

Inferior medial genicular

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11
Q

The popliteal artery branches below the knee to form what two arteries?

A

Anterior tibial

Posterior tibial

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12
Q

The anterior tibial artery becomes the _____ at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint

A

Dorsalis pedis

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13
Q

The posterior tibial artery continues into the foot and divides into the _____ and _____

A

Medial & lateral plantar arteries

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14
Q

Both the anterior and posterior tibial arteries are found on the _____

A

Interosseous membrane

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15
Q

Borders of femoral triangle?

A

Inguinal ligament (superior)

Adductor longus m. (medial)

Sartorius m. (lateral)

Pectineus m. (medial floor)

Iliopsoas m (lateral floor)

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16
Q

Structures in femoral triangle lateral to medial?

A

N - Femoral nerve

A - Femoral artery

V - Femoral vein

E - Empty space (femoral canal)

L - Lymphatics (within femoral canal)

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17
Q

The femoral sheath (found within the femoral triangle) is made up of _____ anteriorly and _____ posteriorly

A

Trasversalis fascia anteriorly

Psoas/Iliopsoas fascia posteriorly

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18
Q

Contents of femoral sheath lateral to medial?

A

Femoral artery

Femoral vein

Femoral canal (w/ lymphatics)

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19
Q

The _____ is the entrance from the abdominal cavity into the femoral canal

A

Femoral ring

20
Q

Boundaries of femoral ring?

A

Lacunar ligament (medial)

Femoral vein (lateral)

Inguinal ligament (anterior)

Pectineal ligament (posterior)

21
Q

The muscles of the thigh’s anterior compartment are supplied by _____

A

Femoral nerve (L2-4)

22
Q

Muscles of thigh’s anterior compartment?

A 
Quadriceps femoris
     Rectus femoris
     Vastus lateralis
     Vastus intermedius
     Vastus medialis

Sartorius

Pectineus

Iliopsoas

23
Q

The quadriceps tendon contains the patella, continues as the _____ and attaches to the _____

A

Continues as patellar ligament

Attaches to tibial tuberosity

24
Q

Functions of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Extend knee joint (primary)

Flex hip (secondary)

25
Q

Proximal attachments of vastus mm.?

A

Intermedius - Anterolateral femur

Lateralis - Greater trochanter, Linea aspera, intertrochanteric line

Medialis - Medial side of femur

Note: I got these from wiki

26
Q

Proximal attachment of sartorius m.?

A

ASIS

27
Q

Functions of sartorius m.?

A

Flexes hip

Laterally rotates hip

Flexes knee

(Tailor’s muscle!)

28
Q

Distal attachment of sartorius m.?

A

Anteromedial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)

29
Q

Pectineus function?

A

Flexes hip

30
Q

Iliopsoas function?

A

Strong flexor of hip

31
Q

Iliopsoas distal attachment?

A

Lesser trochanter

32
Q

The medial compartment of the thigh is supplied by what nerve?

A

Obturator nerve (L2-4)

33
Q

Muscles of thigh’s medial compartment?

A

Adductor longus

Adductor brevis

Adductor magnus

Gracilis

34
Q

The obturator nerve divides into anterior and posterior divisions, which run on their respective sides of which muscle?

A

Adductor brevis

35
Q

Function of thigh’s medial compartment muscles?

A

Adduct the hip

36
Q

Muscles of thigh’s posterior compartment medial to lateral?

A

Semimembranosus

Semitendinosus

Biceps femoris

37
Q

The muscles of the thigh’s posterior compartment are supplied by what nerve?

A

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

38
Q

Functions of muscles in thigh’s posterior compartment?

A

Extend thigh

Flex knee

39
Q

The muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh have what common proximal attachment?

A

Ischial tuberosity

40
Q

Attachments of gluteus maximus?

A

Proximal: Ilium post. to post. gluteal line

Distal: Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity

41
Q

Innervation of gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

42
Q

Attachments of gluteus medius?

A

Proximal: Ilium between ant. and post. gluteal lines

Distal: Greater trochanter (lateral surface)

43
Q

Gluteus medius innervation?

A

Superior gluteal n.

44
Q

Gluteus minimus attachments?

A

Proximal: Ilium between ant. and inf. gluteal lines

Distal: Greater trochanter (anterior surface)

45
Q

Gluteus maximus action?

A

Extends thigh

Lateral rotation

46
Q

Gluteus medius/minimus action?

A

Abduct & medially rotate hip

Keeps pelvis level when walking!

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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