Gluteal, Thigh, & Popliteal Fossa Flashcards
(139 cards)
1
Q
Explain organization of fascia lata
A
Extension of inguinal ligament
Inferiorly continuous with fascia of leg inferior to knee
Thickened by additional longitudinal fibers to for iliotibial tract
2
Q
Explain Iliotibial tract
A
shared aponeurosis of the tensor fascia latae and gluteus maximus muscles
Extends from iliac tubercle to anterolateral tubercle of the tibia
3
Q
Anterior compartment of thigh contents
A
Tensor fasciae latae
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Articularis genu
Femoral n. a. and v.
4
Q
Anterior compartment of thigh actions
A
Flex hip
Extend knee
5
Q
Anterior compartment of thigh innervation
A
Femoral n. (Except tensor fasciae latae > superior gluteal n.)
6
Q
Anterior compartment of thigh blood supply
A
Femoral a.
7
Q
Medial compartment of thigh contents
A
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Adductor brevis
Obturator externus
Pectineus
Obturator n. and a.,
8
Q
Medial compartment of thigh actions
A
Adduct thigh
Laterally rotate thigh
9
Q
Medial compartment of thigh innervation
A
Obturator n. (adductor magnus hamstring part by sciatic n.)
10
Q
Medial compartment of thigh blood supply
A
Obturator a.
11
Q
Posterior compartment of thigh contents
A
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris
Sciatic n.
Common fibular n.
Tibial n.
12
Q
Posterior compartment of thigh actions
A
Extend thigh
Flex leg
13
Q
Posterior compartment of thigh innervation
A
Tibial div. of sciatic n.
14
Q
Posterior compartment of thigh blood supply
A
Sciatic a.
15
Q
Iliacus attachments
A
from… iliac fossa, iliac crest, sacral ala & sacroiliac ligaments
to… lesser trochanter of femur
16
Q
Iliacus actions
A
flexes and stabilizes the hip joint
17
Q
Iliacus innervation
A
femoral nerve L2-3-4
18
Q
Psoas major attachments
A
from… anterior transverse processes, vertebral bodies & discs (T12- L5)
to… the lesser trochanter of femur
19
Q
Psoas major actions
A
flexes and stabilizes the hip joint
20
Q
Psoas major innervation
A
ventral rami L1-4 (from lumbar plexus)
21
Q
Rectus femoris attachments
A
from… anterior inferior iliac spine and groove superior to the acetabulum
to… the base of the patella
22
Q
Rectus femoris actions
A
flexes hip
extends knee
23
Q
Rectus femoris innervation
A
femoral nerve L2-3-4
24
Q
Sartorius attachments
A
from… anterior superior iliac spine
to… the medial aspect of the proximal tibia
25
Sartorius actions
flexes hip
abducts hip
laterally rotates hip
flexes knee
assists in medial rotation of the knee
26
Sartorius innervation
femoral nerve L2-3
27
Tensor fasciae latae attachments
from... anterior superior iliac spine & external lip iliac crest
to... iliotibial tract
28
Tensor fasciae latae actions
Abducts hip
flexes hip
medially rotates hip
assists in maintaining knee extension
29
Tensor fasciae latae innervation
superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1
30
Vastus intermedius attachments
from... the anterior aspect of the proximal 2/3rds of the femoral shaft
to... the lateral border of the patella
31
Vastus intermedius actions
Extends knee
32
Vastus intermedius innervation
femoral nerve L2-3-4
33
Vastus lateralis attachments
from... the intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity & linea aspera
to... the base & lateral border of the patella
34
Vastus lateralis actions
Extends knee
35
Vastus lateralis innervation
femoral nerve L2-3-4
36
Vastus medialis attachments
from... the intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera & medial supracondylar line
to... the base & medial border of the patella
37
Vastus medialis actions
Extends leg
38
Vastus medialis innervation
femoral nerve L2-3-4
39
Articularis genu attachments
from... the distal anterior shaft of femur
to... proximal portion of synovial membrane of knee joint
40
Articularis genu actions
pulls articular capsule proximally
41
Articularis genu innervation
femoral nerve (a branch of the nerve from the vastus intermedius) L2-3-4
42
Adductor brevis attachments
from... inferior pubic ramus
to... distal 2/3 pectineal line and medial lip linea aspera
43
Adductor brevis actions
Adducts hip
Flexes hip
44
Adductor brevis innervation
obturator nerve L2-3-4
45
Adductor longus attachments
from... pubic crest
to... medial lip linea aspera
46
Adductor longus actions
Adducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Flexes hip
47
Adductor longus innervation
obturator nerve L2-3-4
48
Adductor magnus attachments
from... the inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus & tuberosity
to... gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (adductor part), medial supracondylar ridge & adductor tubercle of the femur (hamstring part)
49
Adductor magnus actions
Adducts hip
(adductor part) flexes hip
(hamstring part) extends hip
50
Adductor magnus innervation
adductor part (obturator n. L2-3-4), hamstring part (tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1)
51
Gracilis attachments
from... the body of the pubis & inferior pubic ramus
to... the medial surface of tibia, distal to condyle, proximal to insertion of semitendinosus, lateral to insertion of sartorius
52
Gracilis actions
Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee
Adducts hip
53
Gracilis innervation
obturator nerve L2-3-4
54
Pectineus attachments
from... superior pubic ramus
to... the femur between the lesser trochanter & linea aspera (pectineal line)
55
Pectineus actions
Adducts hip
Flexes hip
56
Pectineus innervation
femoral nerve & obturator nerve L2-3-4
57
Obturator externus attachments
from... rami of the pubis and ischium; external surface obturator membrane
to... trochanteric fossa
58
Obturator externus actions
Laterally rotates the hip
59
Obturator externus innervation
obturator nerve L3-4
60
Superior gemellus attachments
external surface spine of ischium via obturator internus tendon
to... greater trochanter
61
Superior gemellus actions
Laterally rotates hip
62
Superior gemellus innervation
sacral plexus L5-S1-2
63
Inferior gemellus attachments
proximal ischial tuberosity via obturator internus tendon
to... greater trochanter
64
Inferior gemellus actions
Laterally rotates hip
65
Inferior gemellus innervation
sacral plexus L4-5-S1
66
Gluteus maximus attachments
from... the aponeurosis of the erector spinae, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament & posterior gluteal line (innominate)
to... the greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity of the femur & the iliotibial tract
67
Gluteus maximus actions
Extends hip
Laterally rotates hip
68
Gluteus maximus innervation
inferior gluteal nerve L5-S1-2
69
Gluteus medius attachments
from... the external iliac surface
to... the oblique ridge on the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter; gluteal aponeurosis
70
Gluteus medius actions
Abducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised
71
Gluteus medius innervation
superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1
72
Gluteus minimis attachments
from... the external iliac surface and margin of the greater sciatic notch
to... the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter
73
Gluteus minimis actions
Abducts hip
Medially rotates hip
Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg is raised
74
Gluteus minimis innervation
superior gluteal nerve L4-5-S1
75
Obturator internus attachments
from... the anterolateral wall of the pelvis & obturator membrane
to... the medial surface of the greater trochanter
76
Obturator internus actions
Laterally rotates hip
77
Obturator internus innervation
nerve to the obturator internus L5-S1-2
78
Piriformis attachments
from... the anterolateral sacrum & posterior inferior iliac spine
to... the upper border of the greater trochanter
79
Piriformis actions
Abducts hip
Laterally rotates hip
80
Piriformis innervation
nerve to piriformis S1-2
81
Quadratus femoris attachments
from... the ischial tuberosity
to... the quadrate tubercle of the femur
82
Quadratus femoris actions
Laterally rotates the hip
83
Quadratus femoris innervation
nerve to the quadratus femoris L4-5-S1
84
Biceps femoris attachments
from... the ischial tuberosity & sacrotuberous lig. (long head); lateral lip of linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line (short head)
to... the lateral side of fibular head
85
Biceps femoris actions
Flexes knee
Laterally rotates knee
(long head only) Extends hip
86
Biceps femoris innervation
tibial division of sciatic L5-S1-2-3 (long head) & fibular division of the sciatic nerve L5-S1-2 (short head)
87
Semimembranosus attachments
from... ischial tuberosity
to... posterior aspect of the medial tibial condyle
88
Semimembranosus actions
Extends hip
Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee
89
Semimembranosus innervation
tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1-2
90
Semitendinosus attachments
from... the ischial tuberosity
to... the proximal, medial tibia
91
Semitendinosus actions
Extends hip
Flexes knee
Medially rotates knee
92
Semitendinosus innervation
tibial division of the sciatic nerve L4-5-S1-2
93
Femoral triangle borders
Inguinal lig. (superior), adductor longus (medial), Sartorius (lateral), iliopsoas and pectineus (floor)
94
Femoral triangle contents
Femoral n. a. v.
95
Contents of greater sciatic foramen
Piriformis
Sciatic n.
Posterior femoral cutaneous n.
Superior gluteal vessels / n.
Inferior gluteal vessels / n.
Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal n.
96
Contents of lesser sciatic foramen
Obturator internus
Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal n.
97
Trendelenburg gait structure impairment
Pelvis tilts away from affected side.
Could be caused by disc herniation affecting superior gluteal n. (L4, 5, S1)
which affects gluteus medius and minimus from abducting
98
Draw Sacral Plexus
99
Quadratus lumborum n. axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the quadratus lumborum m.
100
Psoas n. axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the psoas m.
101
Lateral femoral cutaneous n. L2-3 axon function
sensory
& postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the skin overlying the
lateral aspect of the thigh
102
Femoral n. (L2-4, Saphenous n.) axon function
sensory
& postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the skin overlying the medial aspect of the leg
103
Femoral n. (L2-4, Muscular branches) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the iliacus, pectineus, sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis & vastus intermedius muscles
104
Obturator n. (L2-4, anterior divisions) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the gracilis, adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus & obturator externus
muscles
105
Nerve to piriformis (S1, S2) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the piriformis muscle
106
Nerve to the quadratus femoris (L4-5, S1) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the quadratus femoris & inferior gemellus m.
107
Nerve to the obturator internus (L5, S1-2) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the obturator internus & superior gemellus m.
108
Perforating cutaneous (S2-3) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the medial part of buttock
109
Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (S1-3) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic innervation of buttock and uppermost medial and posterior surfaces of thigh
110
Superior gluteal nerve (L4-5, S1) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimis & tensor fasciae latae m.
111
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1-2) axon function
sensory
postganglionic sympathetic
& motor innervation of the gluteus maximus m.
112
Identify segmental innervation of the skin Red star
1st toe - L4
113
Identify segmental innervation of the skin Pink star
5th toe - S1
114
Draw LE arterial master drawing
Compare to Drawing
115
Draw LE venous master drawing
Compare to drawing
116
Draw LE lymphatic drainage
Compare to drawing
117
How does arterial supply to the head and neck of the femur change with age?
Children less than 10 = primary arterial supply is the obturator artery
Adults = primary supply becomes the medial circumflex femoral artery
118
Femoral sheath contents
Femoral a., v., canal
119
Where would you take a femoral pulse?
Within the femoral triangle
120
Motions that occur at the hip joint
Circumduction
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Internal rotation
External rotation
121
Motions that occur at the knee joint
Flexion
Extension
Lateral Rotation of the tibia
Medial Rotation of the tibia
122
Sacrotuberous lig. attachments
from posterior iliac spine & lateral margin of the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity
123
Sacrospinous lig. attachments
from the ischial spine to lateral margin of the sacrum
124
Fibrous joint capsule of hip attachments
from the margin of the acetabulum to the neck, intertrochanteric line & intertrochanteric crest of the femur
125
Iliofemoral lig. attachments
from the anterior inferior iliac spine to the intertrochanteric line of the femur
126
Iliofemoral lig. function
limits extension of thigh at the hip joint
127
Pubofemoral lig. attachments
from the iliopubic eminence and superior pubic ramus to the fibrous capsule
128
Pubofemoral lig. function
limits abduction of the femur
129
Ischiofemoral lig. attachments
from the ischium posterior to the acetabulum to the greater trochanter & iliofemoral ligament
130
Ischiofemoral lig. function
assists the iliofemoral lig. in limiting extension of the femur
131
Ligament of the head of femur (ligamentum teres) attachments
from the fovea of the femoral head to the acetabular notch
132
Transverse acetabular lig. attachments
interconnects the margins of the acetabular notch
133
Identify the ligaments closely applied to the joint capsules (thickening of joint capsules)
ACL
PCL
MCL
LCL
134
Sacroiliac synovial joint classification
Plane
135
Hip synovial joint classification
ball & socket
136
Tibiofemoral synovial joint classification
bi-condylar
137
Proximal tibiofibular synovial joint classification
plane
138
Identifying features of medial meniscus
C shaped
Larger
Attached to MCL
139
Identifying features of lateral meniscus
O shaped
Smaller
