Overview of the Thorax

Question 1

Boundaries of the thoracic cavity

Answer 1

Posterior border: Spine
Anterior border: sternum
Inferior border: diaphragm
Superior border: superior thoracic aperture

Question 2

Components of thoracic wall

Answer 2

Skin
Subcutaneous tissue
Ribs
Intercostal muscles

Question 3

Functions of thoracic wall

Answer 3

Protection
Respiration
Muscle attachment

Question 4

Three types of ribs

Answer 4

True (1-7)
False (8-10)
Floating (11 &12)

Question 5

Name landmark A

Answer 5

Superior facet

Question 6

Name landmark B

Answer 6

Inferior facet

Question 7

Name landmark C

Answer 7

Head

Question 8

Name landmark D

Answer 8

Neck

Question 9

Name landmark E

Answer 9

Costal angle

Question 10

Name landmark H

Answer 10

Costal groove

Question 11

Name landmark J and its two subsets

Answer 11

Tubercle: articular part, nonarticular part

Question 12

Rib joints and their synovial classifications

Answer 12

Costovertebral: head of rib to vertebral body (plane)
Costotransverse: costal tubercle to transverse process (plane)
Sternocostal: sternum to costal cartilage (plane)

Question 13

Name landmark A

Answer 13

Groove for subclavian vein

Question 14

Name landmark B

Answer 14

Groove for subclavian artery

Question 15

Name landmark F

Answer 15

Tubercle for anterior scalene

Question 16

Name landmark A

Answer 16

Clavicular notch

Question 17

Name landmark B

Answer 17

Jugular notch

Question 18

Name landmark C

Answer 18

Manubrium

Question 19

Name landmark D

Answer 19

Sternal angle (manubriosternal joint)

Question 20

Name landmark E

Answer 20

Body of sternum

Question 21

Name landmark H

Answer 21

Xiphoid process

Question 22

Name landmark I (red numbers)

Answer 22

Costal notches

Question 23

External intercostal attachments

Answer 23

from… rib to rib oriented from supero-lateral
to… infero-medial

Question 24

External intercostal actions

Answer 24

elevation of ribs

Question 25

External intercostal innervation

Answer 25

intercostal nerve (segmental)

Question 26

Internal & innermost intercostal attachments

Answer 26

from... rib to rib oriented superior-medial to... inferior-lateral

Question 27

Internal & innermost intercostal actions

Answer 27

depression of ribs

Question 28

Internal & innermost intercostal innervation

Answer 28

intercostal nerve (segmental)

Question 29

Transversus thoracis attachments

Answer 29

from... posterior sternum to... costal cartilages

Question 30

Transversus thoracis actions

Answer 30

depress ribs

Question 31

Transversus thoracis innervation

Answer 31

intercostal nerves (segmental)

Question 32

Diaphragm attachments

Answer 32

from... xiphoid process, inner surface of the lower ribs & costal cartilages, lumbar vertebrae via the crura to... the central tendon

Question 33

Diaphragm actions

Answer 33

inspiration (negative thoracic pressure by inferior displacement)

Question 34

Diaphragm innervation

Answer 34

PNS: phrenic nerve CNS: C3-5

Question 35

Rami communicans relationship to sympathetic chain ganglia and intercostal nerves (include axons)

Answer 35

White: preganglionic sympathetic axons and sensory axons Gray: postganglionic sympathetic axons and sensory axons

Question 36

Naming convention of the intercostal nerves

Answer 36

Named for the rib they are under (which rib they inhabit the costal groove)

Question 37

Name which thoracic nerve innervates the green star (nipple)

Answer 37

T4

Question 38

Name which thoracic nerve innervates the blue star (xiphoid process)

Answer 38

T6

Question 39

Name which thoracic nerve innervates the purple star (umbilicus)

Answer 39

T10

Question 40

What types of innervation (action) does the phrenic nerve do?

Answer 40

sensory, postganglionic, and motor

Question 41

White rami communicans

Answer 41

Carry preganglionic sympathetic axons to sympathetic chain ganglia and abdominal ganglia Sensory axons from viscera to spinal cord

Question 42

Gray rami communicans

Answer 42

Carry postganglionic sympathetic axons from the sympathetic chain to the spinal nerves for distribution through the dorsal and ventral rami Sensory axons from the viscera to the spinal cord

Question 43

Draw thoracic arterial supply

Answer 43

Compare to drawing

Question 44

Draw thorax venous drainage

Answer 44

Compare to Drawing

Question 45

Draw thorax lymphatic drainage

Answer 45

Compare to drawing