Gonadal Development

Question 1

The embryo goes through 3 attempts to form excretory ducts. What are they?

Answer 1

Pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros

Question 2

Is pronephros the first attempt the embryo makes? How long is its lifespan?

Answer 2

Yes! Short-lived & contributes pronephric duct

Question 3

Is mesonephros the second attempt of the embryo to make an excretory duct? & what’s its lifespan

Answer 3

Yes! Its lifespan is substantial & it adopts the paranephic ducts. Becomes mesonephric duct

Question 4

What is the metanephros

Answer 4

Adult kidney

Question 5

SAME FOR MALES & FEMALES: Where do primordial germ cells populate during early embryonic development?

Answer 5

Yolk sac to protect them from differentiation processes. They eventually migrate back into embryo through parts of GIT

Question 6

Where do primordial follicles migrate to?

Answer 6

From yolk sac to genital ridge which is adjacent to mesonephric kidney

Question 7

Where is the genital ridge located relative to mesonephros?

Answer 7

Medial

Question 8

MALES: at the genital ridge, coelomic epithelium develops into cell cords which penetrates

Answer 8

Genital ridge & take primordial germ cells with them

Question 9

MALES: cell cords form

Answer 9

Tubules - this means inside of cell cords are invested with primordial germ cells

Question 10

MALES: Primordial germ cells start to develop

Answer 10

Sertoli cells & germinal epithelium

Question 11

In males, the seminal epithelium thickens and forms CT known as

Answer 11

Tunica albuginea

Question 12

MALES: does the paranephric duct deteriorate>

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

MALES: do cell cords attach to the rete testis?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

MALES: What happens when the mesonephros starts to deteriorate?

Answer 14

Tubules also begin to deteriorate except about 12. These provide connectivity from mesonephric duct to rete testis

Question 15

MALES: The tubules change shape so that

Answer 15

Their origin and termination are located at the rete testis

Question 16

MALES: Rete testis forms communication with

Answer 16

mesonephric tubules

Question 17

MALES: is there a thick tunica albuginea

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

MALES: tubules mature into

Answer 18

Efferent ductules which connect to duct of epididymus

Question 19

FEMALES: cell cords start to fragment and end up as

Answer 19

Clusters of cells in mesenchyme of genital ridge

Question 20

FEMALES: primordial cells keep dividing by

Answer 20

Mitosis

Question 21

FEMALES: Clusters of cells break down so that each cell is

Answer 21

A germ cell Invested with single layer of coelomic epithelium cells to eventually form granulosa cells

Question 22

FEMALES; is there a thick tunica albuginea?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

FEMALES: does mesonephric duct deteriorate/

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

FEMALES: does a rete ovarii develop?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

FEMALES: does the rete ovarii communicate with mesonephric tubules?

Answer 25

No

Question 26

FEMALES: do mesonephric tubules degenerate?

Answer 26

Yes but paramesonephric duct stays & is developed

Question 27

FEMALES: the mesenchyme starts to organize around primordial follicles and contributes which cell type?

Answer 27

What becomes thecal cells

Question 28

FEMALE:Germ cells live in which part of the gonad

Answer 28

Cortex

Question 29

FEMALE: what part of the gonad contains the rete ovarii & is there outside communication?

Answer 29

Medulla & no

Question 30

FEMALES: the mesovarium brings ________ to the gonad

Answer 30

Blood supply - exception to NO outside communication with rete ovarii as communicates through lymph

Question 31

Things in gonadal development that are same in female & male

Answer 31

-presence of coelomic epithelium - cell cords invade into mesenchyme - presence of mesonephric & paramesonephric ducts

Question 32

MALE: suspensory ligament of gonad comes off the

Answer 32

Cranial pole of gonad

Question 33

MALE:The gubernaculum comes off

Answer 33

The caudal pole of the gonad

Question 34

MALE: The gubernaculum runs from the __________ to the _________

Answer 34

Caudal pole of gonad through the inguinal ring

Question 35

MALE: Gubernaculum function

Answer 35

Guides descent of testi into scrotum

Question 36

FEMALE: Gubernaculum function

Answer 36

Kinda nothing as it does NOT provide function of guiding ovary into scrotum however, it is present

Question 37

FEMALE: which species are gonads most caudal?

Answer 37

Ruminants <3

Question 38

FEMALE: where is the proper ligament of artery located?

Answer 38

Gubernaculum to where uterus crosses

Question 39

FEMALES: what is the round ligament of uterus & where does it go?

Answer 39

Remnant of gubernaculum running from uterus toward inguinal ring

Question 40

FEMALE: in some cases, the round ligament of uterus goes through the

Answer 40

Inguinal ring. If it does, called the vaginal process

Question 41

Females: can the female dog get inguinal hernias

Answer 41

Yes bc inguinal ring remains open

Question 42

What is the shelf of tissue

Answer 42

Area that divides urogential tract + GIT

Question 43

What do cloacal folds become

Answer 43

Urogenital opening after shelf of tissue divides the urogenital + GIT opening

Question 44

Do males & females have cloacal folds

Answer 44

Yes at beginning

Question 45

Do males and females have genital tubercles?

Answer 45

Yes

Question 46

Do males & females have lateral swelling

Answer 46

Yes - where gubernaculum attaches

Question 47

In males, lateral swellings become

Answer 47

Scrotum as it receives testicles

Question 48

In females, lateral swellings become

Answer 48

Nothing they regress

Question 49

In males or females is there a larger perineum development

Answer 49

Females

Question 50

In males, genital folds fuse to form

Answer 50

Penile urethra & body of penis

Question 51

In females, urogenital folds become

Answer 51

Labia of vulva

Question 52

In females, the genital tubercle becomes

Answer 52

The clit (found it)

Question 53

In males, the genital tubercle becomes the

Answer 53

Glans of penis