Rabbits & Lab Animals Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
describe the integument in rodents
A
dense hair coat with guard hairs along the back
2
Q
what is special about integument in hamsters that can be used for restraint
A
abundant dorsal skin
3
Q
describe the tails of mice and rats
A
long with scales and sparse hairs
4
Q
describe the tails in hamsters
A
short and haired
5
Q
describe the tails in guinea pigs
A
absent
6
Q
the palmar and plantar surface of the pes are hairless/haired
A
hairless!
7
Q
do rodents have a high or low surface area? what does this mean for thermoreg. and water retention
A
high surface area –> prone to heat and water loss
8
Q
3 means of thermoregulation in rodents
A
- behavioural means of cooling
- tail and ears used to disperse heat
- brown fat on neck and between shoulders
9
Q
T/F: rodents pant, sweat and salivate to thermoregulate
A
FALSE: rodents have no sweat glands, no ability to pant and limited ability to salivate
10
Q
what specialized glands do mice and rats have
A
none
11
Q
what specialized glands do hamsters have
A
- bilateral flank glands (syrian)
- Midventral gland (Dwarf)
- bilateral mouth glands (Dwarf)
12
Q
what specialized glands do guinea pigs have
A
coccygeal (grease) gland
13
Q
describe hair growth in rabbits
A
occurs in periodic waves
14
Q
what is a dewlap
A
present on female rabbits, pluck fur to make nest
15
Q
ways in which rabbits thermoregulate
A
- large ears for heat dispersion
- NO sweat glands, NO ability to pant and limited ability to salivate
- DO NOT possess brown fat
16
Q
T/F: rabbits use sweat glands, panting and salivation for thermoregulation
A
FALSE
17
Q
T/F: rabbits use brown fat for thermoregulation
A
FALSE
18
Q
what specialized glands do rabbits possess
A
submental glands (chin)
inguinal glands (lateral to genitals)
19
Q
do rodents have good eyesight
A
no, have poor eyesight
20
Q
at what time of day are rodents most active
A
they are nocturnal and crepuscular
21
Q
what kind of vision do rabbits have
A
panoramic vision
22
Q
T/F: rabbits and rodents have well developed sense of hearing, touch and smell
A
TRUE
23
Q
what gives rodents and rabbits spatial orientation in the dark
A
prominent vibrissae on upper lip
24
Q
which species is the harderian gland present
A
both rodents and rabbits
25
function of the harderian gland
secretes red and oily porforin to lube eyes and is a pheromone
26
how many thoracic digits do mice, rats and hamsters have
5
27
how many thoracic digits do guinea pigs have
4
28
how many thoracic digits do rabbits have
5
29
how many pelvic digits do mice, rats and hamsters have
5
30
how many pelvic digits do guinnea pigs have
3
31
how many digits do rabbits have
4
32
do rabbits and rodents have a haversian system in their bones
rodents lack it because they are small enough but lagomorphs have
33
what muscles facilitate gnawing in rodents
masseters, temporalis and pterygoideus muscles close to the jaw and digastricus opens mouth and pulls the mandible caudally
34
what causes vertebral fractures in rabbits
powerful hind legs and light skeleton
35
which vertebra fractures the easiest in rabbits
L7 :( rip
36
in which types of guinea pigs does the pubic symphasis fuse? what age?
males and unbred females at 6 mo
37
what kind of incissors do rodents have
elodont (pgimented in some species, containing iron)
38
what kind of cheek teeth do rodents have
anelodont
39
how many rows of molar cusps do hamsters have
2
40
what kind of teeth are rabbit incisors and molars
elodont
41
what is special about rabbit incisors
have a second set (peg teeth)
42
what kind of teeth are guinea pig incisors and molars
elodont
43
what kind of diet do hamsters, mice and rats eat
they are omnivores
44
T/F: mice, rats and hamsters are coprophagic
true
45
describe the tummy of mice, rats and hamsters
monogastric: have glandular and non glandular portions seperated by margo plicatus
46
describe mice, rat and hamster small intestine
short
47
describe cecum in mice, rats and hamsters
large with lymphoid tissues
48
describe colon in mice, rats and hamsters
short (with asc, trans and desc portions), no sacculations
49
describe rectum in mice, rats and hamsters
short with anal glands
50
describe the cheek pouches of hamsters
no glands, immunologically privileged, blood supply maintained during eversion
51
describe the diet of guinea pigs
herbivores, coprophagic
52
T/F: guinea pigs have tonsils
FALSE they lack tonsils
53
describe the tummy of guinea pigs
monogastric (glandular stomach only)
54
describe the small intestine of guinea pigs
short
55
describe the cecum of guinea pigs
large cecum with haustra: hindgut fermentation with lymphoid tissue
56
what is special about the colon in guinea pigs
colon is a mucus trap with colonic furrow (traps bacteria from cecum to colon)
57
describe rabbit diet
herbivores, cecotrophic (produce 2 different types of waste material)
58
do rabbits have tonsils
yes, paired in oral cavity
59
describe the stomach of rabbits
monogastric with glandular and non glandular portions
60
describe the small intestine of rabbits
short, small
61
describe the cecum in rabbits
large because they are hindgut fermenters
62
describe the colon in rabbits
upper:haustra, taeniae, warzen
lower: lacks haustra and taenia
- fusus coli (pacemater of intestine, peristaltic and antiperistaltiic contractions)
- production of cecotrophs
63
how many types of poop are produced by rabbits
2 because they are cecotrophic (cecal pelletes and fecal matter)
64
4 types of GALT in the digestive tract of rabbits
peyers patches (ileum)
sacculus rotundus (terminal ileum)
cecal tonsil (proximal cecum)
cecal appendix (terminus of cecum)
65
how many and which lobes of the liver are present in mice, rats, hamsters and guinea pigs
4: left lateral, medial, right lateral, caudal
66
how may lobes of the liver are present in rabbits. name them!
6: left lateral, left medial R. lateral, R medial, quadrate and caudate
67
T/F: rats dont have gall bladders
so true bestie
67
describe the pancreas in most rodents and rabbits
diffuse pancreas
68
describe the pancreas in guinea pigs
triangular with 3 lobes
69
function of spleen in rodents
site of extra medullary hematopoiesis
70
describe the spleen in rabbits
relatively small due to large amount of GALT
71
how many left lung lobes are present in a mouse, rat, guinea pig and rabbit? wb right? name them
1 left lobe
4 right lobes: cranial, middle, caudal accessory
72
how many left lobes of the liver are present in the hamster? what about right? name them
1 left lobe
5 right lobes (cranial, middle, caudal, intermediate, accessory)
73
are rabbits and rodents obligate mouth breathers or obligate nasal breathers
obligate nasal breathers
74
what is the nasal cavity lined with
50% lined with olfactory epithelium
75
what do pulmonary veins contain in rodents
cardiac muscle fibres
76
what is special about the thymus in rodents and rabbits
persists throughout adulthood
77
how many chambers are in the heart of rodents and rabbits
4
78
what is special about the rabbit right AV valve
it is bicuspid rather than tri
79
describe kidneys in rodents and rabbits
unipapillate and bean shaped
80
proteinuria is common in which species
rodents
81
in which species are calcium crystals contained in urine
guinea pig and rabbit
82
why is bright red urine in rabbits noraml
because plant pigments
83
how do you sex mice, rats and hamsters
anogenital distance is shorter in females vs males
84
how to sex guinea pigs
females have a V shaped urogenital area
85
how do you sex rabbits
difference in inguinal sacs and scrotum is cranial to anal/genital area
86
T/F: male reproductive inguinal canals remain open for life in rodents and rabbits
true!
87
copulatory plugs are common in
malerodents
88
what kind of peen do rodents have
os penis
89
what kind of peen do hamsters and guinea
has prongs or styles on penis
90
name 7 male accessory sex glands present in mice and rat
gland of ductus deferens(also called ampullary gland), vesicular gland, coagulating gland, dorsal lateral prostate, ventral prostate, bulbourethral gland, prepubital gland
91
name 5 male accessory sex glands in guinea pigs
bulbourethral gland, seminal vessicle, coagulating gland, dorsal lobe of prostate, ventral lobe of prostate
92
4 male accessory sex glands in rabbits
seminal gland, vesicular gland, prostate, bulbourethral gland, paraprostatic gland
93
T/F rodents gave separate urethral and vaginal openings
true
94
what is special about mice and rat female reproductive anatomy
has paired clitoral glands
95
what is special about guinea pig female reproductive anatomy
have vaginal membrane during anestrus
96
describe the uterus of rodents
bicornuate uterus
97
describe rabbit uterus
duplex
98
in which species are nipples present in males
guinea pigs
