Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

EXAM 2 REVIEW > GOODBAN STUDY GUIDE EXAM 2 > Flashcards

GOODBAN STUDY GUIDE EXAM 2 Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)?

A

Chronic reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus due to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are nursing interventions for GERD?

A

Diet (non-acidic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Hiatal Hernia.

A

Protrusion of part of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are nursing interventions for Hiatal Hernia?

A

Diet, weight loss, SX (Nissen fundoplication)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)?

A

Ulceration in the stomach or duodenum due to H. pylori infection or NSAID use.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the nursing interventions for Peptic Ulcer Disease?

A

H pylori (PPI + abx therapy), stop NSAID use, Diet, PPIs daily.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define Gastritis.

A

Inflammation of the stomach lining; can be acute or chronic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are nursing interventions for Gastritis?

A

H pylori

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are Esophageal Varices?

A

Dilated submucosal veins in the esophagus, typically resulting from portal hypertension.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What should be monitored in patients with Esophageal Varices?

A

Monitor for bleeding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Barrett’s Esophagus?

A

Changes in the structure of the Esophagus that predisposes patients to esophageal cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Achalasia.

A

Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax, causing difficulty swallowing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the predisposing and risk factors for Upper GI Disorders?

A
  • Smoking
  • Alcohol use
  • Dietary choices (e.g., spicy/fatty foods)
  • Obesity
  • NSAIDs
  • Corticosteroids
  • Bisphosphonates
  • Helicobacter pylori
  • Stress & Psychological Factors
  • Weak LES, hiatal hernia, motility disorders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are subjective findings related to Upper GI Disorders?

A
  • Pain: Epigastric, burning (GERD), gnawing (PUD), postprandial discomfort
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Heartburn (pyrosis)
  • Dysphagia
  • Early satiety, bloating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are objective findings that suggest GI bleeding?

A
  • Hematemesis
  • Melena
  • Weight loss
  • Pallor or signs of anemia
  • Visible peristalsis or abdominal distention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List some laboratory tests for Upper GI Disorders.

A
  • CBC
  • Stool for occult blood
  • H. pylori testing
  • Liver function tests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are some diagnostic procedures for Upper GI Disorders?

A
  • Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
  • Barium Swallow
  • pH Monitoring
  • Gastric emptying studies
  • Abdominal ultrasound or CT scan
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are key nursing interventions for Upper GI Disorders?

A
  • Monitor vital signs and signs of GI bleeding
  • Pain assessment and management
  • Nutritional support
  • Positioning
  • Medication Administration
  • Patient Education
  • Collaborative Care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

A

Functional bowel disorder causing abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are nursing interventions for IBS?

A

Constipation/Diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Diverticulosis?

A

Outpouching of colon wall that may become inflamed or infected (diverticulitis).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)?

A

Includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, marked by chronic inflammation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Differentiate between Acute Pancreatitis and Chronic Pancreatitis.

A
  • Acute: Sudden and severe onset, short-term; resolves within days
  • Chronic: Gradual and progressive, long-term; persistent inflammation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the common symptoms of Acute Pancreatitis?

A
  • Severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Fever
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What complications can arise from Chronic Pancreatitis?
* Pancreatic insufficiency * Diabetes * Increased risk of pancreatic cancer
26
What are the key nursing care strategies for Lower GI Disorders?
* Assessment & Monitoring * Symptom Management * Nutritional Support * Patient Education * Emotional and Psychosocial Support
27
What are the laboratory tests for diagnosing Lower GI Disorders?
* CBC * Stool studies * Electrolytes * CRP/ESR * Albumin
28
What is the role of nurses in collaborative care for GI disorders?
* Monitoring * Patient education * Medication administration * Emotional support
29
What is the role of dietitians in the care of GI disorders?
Develop therapeutic diets (e.g., low-residue, gluten-free).
30
What are the key care strategies for non-inflammatory disorders?
* Symptom management * High-fiber diet * Stress management * Routine monitoring
31
What is the gold standard for evaluating mucosal inflammation in GI disorders?
Colonoscopy.
32
What are the signs and symptoms of Celiac Disease?
* Weight loss * Diarrhea * Bloating * Anemia * Osteomalacia
33
What nursing interventions are important for managing Diverticulitis?
* Antibiotics * Bowel rest * Gradual diet reintroduction
34
Fill in the blank: The main action of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) is to _______.
[Inhibit H⁺/K⁺ ATPase in parietal cells, reducing acid]
35
True or False: Smoking is a risk factor for Upper GI Disorders.
True.
36
What is Perforation?
A hole or break in the wall of an organ, leading to leakage of contents into the peritoneal cavity.
37
What is Peritonitis?
[Condition that may arise due to perforation.]
38
What is the recommended way to take delayed-release medications like Lansoprazole?
Swallow whole, take before meals
39
What is a complication associated with ulcers, appendicitis, or diverticulitis?
Perforation
40
Define perforation.
A hole or break in the wall of an organ, leading to leakage of contents into the peritoneal cavity
41
What is peritonitis?
Inflammation of the peritoneum, usually due to infection from perforation, trauma, or surgery
42
What triggers peritonitis?
Contamination from spillage of contents into the peritoneal cavity
43
What is a stoma?
A surgically created opening on the abdominal wall for the discharge of body wastes
44
What is an ostomy?
The surgical procedure creating a stoma, which can be temporary or permanent
45
What is the output characteristic of a colostomy?
Formed to semi-formed stool
46
What are common indications for a colostomy?
* Colorectal cancer * Diverticulitis * Trauma
47
What type of stool is produced by an ileostomy?
Liquid to semi-liquid stool, high in enzymes
48
What are common indications for an ileostomy?
* IBD (Crohn's, UC) * Familial polyposis
49
What is the output characteristic of a urostomy?
Continuous urinary drainage
50
What are common indications for a urostomy?
* Bladder cancer * Neurogenic bladder
51
What are normal findings for a stoma?
* Moist, red or pink * Mild edema initially * Minimal bleeding * No pain
52
What are abnormal findings for a stoma?
* Pale, dusky, or black (ischemia) * Persistent swelling * Excessive bleeding * Pain may indicate infection or abscess
53
What is peristomal skin irritation?
Skin irritation from leakage or poor seal
54
What interventions are recommended for peristomal skin irritation?
Use correct-size appliance, skin barrier paste
55
What is stoma retraction or prolapse?
Stoma sinks below or protrudes above skin
56
What should be done if stoma retraction or prolapse occurs?
Report to provider, adjust pouching system
57
What is a parastomal hernia?
Bulging near stoma due to weakened muscle
58
What might a parastomal hernia require?
May need surgical repair or support belt
59
What is stomal necrosis?
Dark, dusky appearance of the stoma
60
What should be done if stomal necrosis is observed?
Notify provider immediately – may require revision
61
What are symptoms of obstruction in an ostomy?
No output, cramping, distention
62
What should be done if an obstruction is suspected?
NPO, notify provider, imaging may be ordered
63
What is the role of the nurse in interprofessional collaborative care?
Primary patient monitor and educator; administers medications and manages symptoms
64
What does the physician/gastroenterologist do in interprofessional care?
Diagnoses and leads medical treatment plan including medication regimens and procedures
65
What is the role of a dietitian in interprofessional care?
Creates individualized nutrition plans based on diagnosis
66
What is the pharmacist's role in interprofessional care?
Supports medication management and patient education on drug interactions and side effects
67
What does the social worker/case manager do in interprofessional care?
Assists with access to resources, discharge planning, home care arrangements
68
What role does the surgeon play in interprofessional care?
Provides operative interventions for colorectal cancer, obstruction, and severe IBD
69
What is the role of a WOC nurse?
Specializes in ostomy care and patient education for bowel diversion surgeries

EXAM 2 REVIEW (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions