MODULE 4 PRACTICE QUESTIONS Flashcards
(40 cards)
Which finding should the nurse report to the provider immediately in a client with suspected gastritis?
Hematemesis
Hematemesis suggests active GI bleeding and needs immediate evaluation.
A client with a history of alcohol use presents with hematemesis and signs of portal hypertension. Which complication is most likely?
Esophageal varices
Varices are common with portal hypertension from liver disease.
What statement by a client with GERD indicates a need for further teaching?
I should lie down after eating to help digestion
Lying down worsens reflux; sitting upright is recommended.
What is the primary purpose of checking gastric residuals in patients receiving enteral nutrition via PEG tube?
Assess gastric emptying
Checking residuals assesses how well the stomach is emptying.
How does omeprazole work for PUD?
Decreases gastric acid secretion
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI).
What type of anemia is a patient with chronic gastritis at risk for?
Pernicious anemia
Chronic gastritis can impair intrinsic factor, leading to B12 deficiency.
What is the best position for a client during and after an enteral tube feeding?
High Fowler’s
High Fowler’s reduces risk of aspiration during feedings.
Which order should the nurse question for a client with suspected upper GI bleed?
Oral aspirin
Aspirin increases bleeding risk and is contraindicated.
What is the proper administration method for nystatin prescribed for oral candidiasis?
Swish and swallow
Nystatin should be swished then swallowed to coat mucosa.
What is the primary reason for a client with chronic GERD to undergo an endoscopy?
To identify pre-cancerous changes
Endoscopy can detect Barrett’s, a pre-cancerous condition.
What is the likely cause of dizziness and sweating after meals in a patient post-gastrectomy?
Dumping syndrome
Dumping syndrome causes GI and vasomotor symptoms after meals.
What finding in the oral cavity warrants immediate referral to a provider?
Mouth ulcer lasting more than 2 weeks
Ulcers lasting >2 weeks may be malignant.
What is the most definitive test to confirm H. pylori in peptic ulcer disease?
EGD with biopsy
EGD with biopsy is the gold standard for H. pylori.
Which lab result would support a diagnosis of esophageal varices?
Decreased platelet count
Thrombocytopenia may occur with liver dysfunction and varices.
What is the priority nursing action for a patient post-gastrostomy tube placement with site pain and yellow drainage?
Notify the provider
Yellow drainage may indicate infection and requires provider notification.
What does black, tarry stools indicate in a patient with PUD?
Upper GI bleed
Black tarry stools indicate upper GI bleeding.
What should a nurse include when educating a patient with a PEG tube?
Flush with water before and after medications
Tubes should be flushed with water before and after medications.
What meal would be most appropriate for a patient with GERD?
Grilled fish with rice and green beans
Non-irritating, low-fat meals are preferred.
What nutritional complication is a client recovering from gastric surgery at risk for?
Dumping syndrome
Dumping syndrome is a common complication post-gastrectomy.
What is the initial nursing intervention for a client experiencing vomiting and suspected gastritis?
Keep NPO and start IV fluids
NPO status and fluids are first priorities in vomiting.
What organ is most likely affected in a patient with clay-colored stools and dark urine?
Liver
Liver dysfunction causes bile-related stool/urine changes.
Which assessment finding supports a diagnosis of oral cancer?
Non-healing mouth ulcer for 3 weeks
Non-healing ulcers may indicate cancer.
What is the most appropriate diagnostic test for evaluating a gastric tumor?
EGD
EGD allows visualization and biopsy of gastric lesions.
What lab finding would be expected in a patient with a bleeding gastric ulcer?
Increased BUN
BUN may rise due to blood digestion in the stomach.
