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gov semester exam review Flashcards

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1
Q

Preamble

A

more perfect union
justice
domestic tranquility
provide for the common defense
promote general Welfare

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2
Q

Natural Law

A

doctrine that society should be governed by certain ethical principles that are part of nature

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3
Q

Totalitarianism

A

Form of government that controls all aspects of political and social life of nation

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4
Q

Pluralism

A

a society in which many different groups with many different opinions and viewpoints all have to coexist and work with each other in the political sphere

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5
Q

Hyperpluralism

A

A theory of government and politics contending that groups are so strong that government, seeking to please them all, is thereby weakened

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6
Q

Brutus 1

A

Said that federal power was bad and that the Constitution gives too much power to the federal government

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7
Q

Hobbes

A

Absolute power
Give away rights in a social contract to a king

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8
Q

Locke

A

Natural rights
Limited power of the king
Our social contract
Govern lightly, revolt if needed
Property rights are very important
Believed in representative democracy

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9
Q

Montesquieu

A

Separation of powers
Government should maintain law and order
Checks & balances

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10
Q

Rousseau

A

Give up all rights to the community
Direct democracy
Popular sovereignty

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11
Q

Political culture:

A

Broadly shared way of thinking about politics
Examples: democracy, freedom, capitalism

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12
Q

Political ideology

A

Specific set of views about the government
Examples: liberal and conservative

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13
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

Government is based on consent of the people

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14
Q

Declaration of independence

A

People have certain Inalienable Rights including Life, Liberty and Pursuit of Happiness
All Men are created equal
Individuals have a civic duty to defend these rights for themselves and others
Written by jefferson

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15
Q

Common sense

A

written by Thomas Paine that inspired people in the Thirteen Colonies to declare and fight for independence from Great Britain in 1776

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16
Q

Unitary system

A

The federal government is supreme and doesn’t have to allow state or local power

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17
Q

Con-federal system

A

The states wear the pants
Federal gov can only do what the states tell them to

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18
Q

Federal system

A

Power is shared between the federal and state governments

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19
Q

Shay’s rebellion

A

prising in western Massachusetts in opposition to high taxes and stringent economic conditions
exposed the weakness of the government under the Articles of Confederation

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20
Q

Virginia plan

A

States with larger populations should have more representation

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21
Q

New Jersey plan

A

Each state should have equal representation

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22
Q

Great compromise

A

Gave senate equal representation for all states no matter population

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23
Q

⅗ compromise

A

Said that slaves counted as ⅗ of a person in order to get votes for the south
Made the south have more power in presidential elections

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24
Q

Committee of unfinished portions

A

Executive branch- resolving conflicts

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25
Federalism
the division of power among a central government and state governments
26
Delegated
national
27
conccurent
both
28
reserved
state
29
Senator selection process
State legislatures recommended them 17
30
Articles 1, 2, and 3
Establishes 3 branches of government Separation of powers
31
Federalist
Favored ratification of constitution Favored strong national government Believed checks and balance system would ensure the government wouldn't become too powerful Bill of rights not necessary
32
Anti federalist
Did not want ratification of constitution Did not want to grant too much power to federal government Wanted bill of rights Supremacy clause freaked them out Necessary and proper clause (implied doctrine or elastic clause)
33
Elections function
To elect officials Legitimize government Both viewpoints in office
34
Federalist papers
first attempt to influence public opinion Hamilton, Madison, Jay
35
Bill of rights
Protects natural rights Speech, religion, press, protest, assembly
36
Supremacy clause
Federal takes priority of states in conflicts
37
Full faith and credit clause
Courts should recognize documents from other states Ex: licenses, laws, documents
38
Ex post facto
Can't arrest people for a crime that was made illegal after they did it
39
Mcculloch v Maryland
Implied doctrine- SCOTUS rules in favor of the national government 2nd bank of the united states Can Maryland tax the bank? NO Is the bank constitution;? YES Necessary and proper clause
40
Marbury v. Madison
Judicial review Federal power increased
41
Expressed powers
Spelled out in constitution
42
Implied powers
Not states, but reasonable implied necessary and proper clause
43
Inherent powers
Not states, but national has previously held these responsibilities Ex: regulate immigration, acquire territory, protect nation from rebellion
44
Marble cake federalism
Resulted from New Deal
45
Which was not a progressive era amendment?
20th
46
Plessy v. Ferguson
Segregated railway cars Is it constitutional? Yes because they are separate but equal Jim Crow laws are born (legal segregation)
47
Brown v. Board of education
Segregated schools Are black and white schools equal? No Is Brown being equally protected under the 14th Amendment? No Ended segregation Federal powers
48
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Missouri compromise- slavery Is Scott free? No- he's not a citizen Is this constitutional? NO State powers
49
Direct primary
select qualified candidates on ballot
50
Department of homeland security:
Is a cabinet department Increased federal power Because of 9/11
51
Bicameral legislation based on ________
Virginia plan
52
What does not enforce party discipline
Executive orders,
53
Enforces party discipline:
campaign funding, committee appointment, leadership positions
54
Reagan and Federalism
Believed in devolution Power back to the states
55
NCLB
No child left behind Funded mandate
56
Medicare
Elderly
57
Medicaid
poor
58
Exclusionary clause
Illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court
59
Internal efficacy
Belief that one can understand politics and therefore participate in politics
60
External efficacy
Belief that the government will respond to one's demands
61
Political equality
right to vote- should be equal
62
Economic equality
economy/money because of capitalism- should not be equal
63
Which amendment brings most of the BOR's protection down to the state level
14th
64
Block Grants
free money Public safety Healthcare, education, etc
65
Categorical grants
more specific, some hoops you have to go through, matching funds
66
We have less parties in US than other countries
We are more of a “homogenous” country
67
Federal communication commission
Regulate airways Broadcasts 1st amendment- protects airwaves most because they are public
68
FECA
Created FEC Attempt to make fair and transparent elections Reduce influence of the wealthy
69
Supreme court and BCRA
Citizens united, mcconnell, buckley cases
70
Electioneering communication
Rules about how you advertise Issue advocacy Express advocacy
71
14th
Due process Equal protection
72
Party electioneering
Elect candidates
73
Types of primaries
Open, Closed, Runoff
74
Why are parties declining
less patronage australian ballots direct primacy civil service laws (limiting incentives to vote) issue oriented TV/media/moving out to suburbs government-run social programs
75
Institutional barriers to 3rd party success
ballor and debate access -who makes the rules? (democrats and republicans) -money & public financing -media only covers the "big dogs" -Electoral College (winner takes all) -Plurality- single member Electoral system
76
American electorate
Potential voting age population
77
Incumbency advantage
War chest Name recognition Media access Fundraising Franking rights Experience PAC money
78
New york times VS the US
The government can only use prior restraint on the media if there is a grave threat to national security Allowed print media to have more freedom with what they publish Pentagon Papers
79
Disturbance theory
As soon as one interest group is created, another one is made to go against it
80
Cons of interest groups
Selfish increases cost of public policy (work, hours, research, money) more difficult to get something achieved freeriders
81
AARP
Largest interest groups
82
How do Judges get hired
confirmed by senate, president nominates
83
Bill of Attainder
law that declares guilt and punishment without trial
84
Dual federalism
state and national government- layered cake- obvious, fed stay in their place
85
Fed
Coin money, foreign affairs
86
States
Public education, race relations
87
Cooperative federalism
marble cake- lines aren't as clearly define, feds have taken more control

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