GP - respiratory Flashcards
What are some risk factors for TB?
poverty - homeless, high prevelant areas, overcrowding
immunosuppression - HIV, elderly, chronic disease
How would you prevent TB?
Ventilate areas
BCG vaccine
mantoux test
How would you treat TB?
Rifampicin and isonizid - 6 months
Pyrazinamide and ethambutol - 2 months
Not cured as remains dormant
What are the symptoms for TB?
haemptysis, persistent cough, weight loss, night sweats
Who would you offer the BCG vaccine to?
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine Family history or endemic area vets or animal workers healthcare and social services staff - under 35 years
What is the Mantoux test?
intradermal tuberculin injection which tests for immunity
How would you test for TB?
Mantoux test CXR sputum culture IGRA blood test BAL culture
What is the antibiotic treatment of pneumonia?
co-amoxiclav and clorithromycin
What is FeverPAIN score?
For strep pharyngitis
Fever in 24 hours Absence of cough or coryza Symptom onset <3 days Purluent tonsils Severe tonsil infection
What is the score for tonsolitis?
Fever pain score
fever, pus, attend rapidly, severly inflamed, absence of cough or coryza
What are some cardiac causes of shortness of breath?
ischaemic, hypertensive, valvular, or cardiomyopathic heart failure
What are some respiratory causes of shortness of breath?
obstructive lung disease restrictive lung disease infective lung disease malignant lung disease pneumothorax PE hyperventilation
What are some systemic causes of shortness of breath?
severe anaemia
metabolic acidosis
What is acute eosinophilic pneumonia?
An insterstitial lung disease triggered by smoking, inhaled recreational drugs, medicines or post-infection
What are the two main types of lung cancer and their key differences?
small cell lung cancer (no surgery, poorer prognosis, less common)
non-small cell
