GRAM POSITIVE COCCI

Question 1

Differentiates Staphylococci from Streptococci

Answer 1

Catalase Test

Question 2

Positive Catalase Test

Answer 2

bubbles: Staphylococcus

Question 3

Negative Catalase Test

Answer 3

no bubbles: Streptococcus

Question 4

detects clumping factors or bound coagulase, screening test

Answer 4

Slide coagulase

Question 5

free coagulase, unbound, confirmatory test

Answer 5

Tube Coagulase

Question 6

Uses rabbit plasma

Answer 6

coagulase test

Question 7

Normal inhabitant of the skin, intestine and mucous
membrane (nasopharynx and anterior nares)
“Golden grape-like clusters”, NM, NS, NE

Answer 7

S. aureus

Question 8

S. aureus on Nutrient agar

Answer 8

oil paint appearance

Question 9

S. aureus on Baird Parker

Answer 9

jet black colonies

Question 10

Golden yellow pigment

Answer 10

Non staphylo cytin

Question 11

Marker of virulence

Answer 11

free coagulase

Question 12

hyaluronidase or spreading factor

Answer 12

Duran Raynal Factor

Question 13

fibrinolysin : lyses the fibrin clot

Answer 13

Staphylokinase

Question 14

toxic shocked syndrome toxin like endotoxin F

Answer 14

TSST-1

Question 15

Exfoliative toxin; Ritter’s disease, mostly occur on children

Answer 15

SSSS

Question 16

Has toxic effects on neutrophils

Answer 16

Urease

Question 17

Inititates skin infection

Answer 17

Lipase

Question 18

Exotoxin that kills WBC

Answer 18

Leucocidin

Question 19

MSA Mannitol Salt Agar

Answer 19

7% NaCl
Indicator: Phenol Red
Result: Yellow
(+) : mannitol are fermented

Question 20

Voges-Proskauer

Answer 20

Differentiates S. aureus from S. intermedius
S. aureus – (+)
S. intermedius (-)
end product: acetyl carbinol

Question 21

Modified Oxidase test/ Microdase test

Answer 21

Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride in dimethylsulfoxide
(+) blue or purple in 2 minutes

Question 22

No DMSO

Answer 22

Cytochrome Oxidase/Indophenol oxidase

Question 23

Micrococci – S (10 mm)
Staph - R

Answer 23

Bacitracin

Question 24

can used in blood agar plate
100ug
Micrococci – R
Staph – S (15 mm)

Answer 24

Furazolidone Susceptibility

Question 25

Micrococci – R S. aureus – S (10-16 mm)

Answer 25

Lysostaphin Sensitivity

Question 26

2 methods Methyl green Toluidine blue (+) clearing of agar (+) : aureus, moraxiella and serratia

Answer 26

DNASE test

Question 27

Beta lactamase test / Cephalosporinase test

Answer 27

Reagent: Cefinase disk Substrate: Nitrocefin (+) result: pink to red (-) result: yellow

Question 28

community acquired or super bug; seen in patient that stay long in hospital

Answer 28

MRSA

Question 29

CoNS

Answer 29

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus

Question 30

Normal skin flora Prosthetic heart valve, UTI, stitch abscess, Neonatal sepsis, endocarditis Biofilm

Answer 30

S. epidermidis

Question 31

Pyelonephritis and cystitis Community acquired UTI Indwelling catheters

Answer 31

S. saprophyticus

Question 32

Low virulence; tetrads, NM Lysostaphin & Furazolidone – Resistant

Answer 32

Micrococci

Question 33

Most frequent cause of endocarditis; slide coagulase (+) confused with staph aureus

Answer 33

S. lugdunensis

Question 34

Pinpoint translucent colonies Young cultures – presence of capsule NM, NS, capnophilic Bile insoluble, inulin (-) Catalase and Oxidase (-)

Answer 34

STREPTOCOCCI

Question 35

Substrate: leucine-beta-naphthylamide Reagent: cinnamaldehyde (+) result: Red/Pinkish red (-) result: no color or slight yellow presumptive test for catalase(-) and Gram (+) cocci

Answer 35

LAP TEST

Question 36

Based on cell wall C polysaccharide ALL ARE HIPPURATE (-) EXCEPT

Answer 36

Lancefield Classification

Question 37

based on temperature Pyogenic (37 degC, produce PUS) Viridans Enterococci Lactic group

Answer 37

Academic or Bergey’s

Answer 38

S. pyogenes / Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci

Question 39

Main component of Strep capsule

Answer 39

Hyaluronic acd

Question 40

Throat pathogen Catalase (-) PYR (+) Bacitracin (S) Reservoir: throat and skin

Answer 40

S. pyogenes /Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci

Question 41

Principal virulence factor of S. pyogenes /Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci

Answer 41

M protein

Question 42

responsible for SUB SURFACE HEMOLYSIS, of S. pyogenes / Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci highly antigenic

Answer 42

Streptolysin O

Question 43

spreading factor of S. pyogenes / Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci

Answer 43

Hyaluronidase

Question 44

not highly antigenic, responsible for Surface hemolysis

Answer 44

Streptolysin S

Question 45

Dissolves /digest fibrin clot

Answer 45

Streptokinase

Question 46

Degrades DNA

Answer 46

Streptodornase

Question 47

degrades proteins mediates scarlet fever implicated in flesh eating streptococci

Answer 47

Erythrogenic/Pyogenic toxins Exotoxin B

Question 48

streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

Answer 48

Erythrogenic/Pyrogenic Toxins

Question 49

Causes lethal shock

Answer 49

A, B, C

Question 50

AKA Protein F Adhesion molecule

Answer 50

Fibronectin Binding Protein

Question 51

Main source of streptokinase (animal pathogen) ex: Strep. equi, strangles in horses (upper respiratory)

Answer 51

Group C streptococci

Question 52

S. anginosus Honeysuckle odor Bacteremia and liver abscess Group G – normal flora of GI, vaginal tract

Answer 52

Groups F and G

Question 53

Reagent: Esculin + 1-4% bile salt (+) Result: black color complex in agar

Answer 53

Bile Esculin Hydrolysis

Question 54

Salt Tolerance Test (6.5%)

Answer 54

(+) Result: turbidity (Enterococci) [withstand high salt] (-) Result: Non-Enterococci [not inhibited high salt]