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BACTE - BACTERIAL STRUCTURE > BACTERIAL STRUCTURE > Flashcards

BACTERIAL STRUCTURE Flashcards

1
Q

Acts as osmotic barrier
regulates transport of solute across membrane

A

Cell membrane

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2
Q

Cell membrane chemical composition

A

lipopolysaccharide (phospholipid bilayer)

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3
Q

Food reserves are called

A

Metachromatic granules

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4
Q

Main component of a cell wall

A

Murein layer/Peptidoglycan

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5
Q

metachromatic granules of Corynebacterium diphtheriae

A

Babes ernst bodies

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6
Q

metachromatic granules of Yersinia pestis

A

Bipolar bodies

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7
Q

metachromatic granules of Nocardia and actinomyces

A

Sulfur granules

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8
Q

Thicker cell wall
With teichoic acid
Impermeable to alcohol

A

Gram (+) Acid fast organisms

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9
Q

Thinner cell wall
endotoxin
Permeable to alcohol
with protein & phospholipids

A

Gram (-) Acid fast organisms

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10
Q

Chemical composition of Gram (+) Acid fast organisms

A

n-acetyl muramic acid & n-acetyl glucosamine

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11
Q

3 regions of LPS ( gram (-) )

A
  1. Lipid A
  2. Core polysaccharide
  3. Antigenic O
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12
Q

Slimy, gelatinous compound surrounding the cell wall
Prevents phagocytosis

A

Capsule

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13
Q

Chief determinant of virulence factor; delays digestion of bacteria

A

Capsule

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14
Q

Prevents phagocytosis
best demonstrated by negative staining

A

Capsule

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15
Q

Polysaccharide capsule:

A

H. influenza
K. pneumoniae
S. pneumoniae

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16
Q

B. anthracis (capsule)

A

D-glutamic acid

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17
Q

S. agalactiae (capsule)

A

Sialic acid

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18
Q

Shorter than flagella
Not present in all organisms
Extrachromosomal DNA carries antibiotic gene

A

Capsule

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19
Q

Short, hairlike structure that extend from cell membrane
into the external environment

A

Pili/Fimbriae

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20
Q

Chemical composition of Pili/Fimbriae

A

Pilin

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21
Q

responsible for attachment/adherence of microorganism to tissues; first step in establishing infection

A

Common pili

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22
Q

for coagulation, important in medical diagnosis

23
Q

Slender, whiplike structures which determines the motility of an organism; motility is best at 25C

24
Q

No flagellum

25
One flagellum at one end
Monotrichous
26
Example monotrichous organisms
Vibrio and Pseudomonas
27
One flagellum on both ends
Amphitrichous
28
group of flagella on one or both ends
Lophotrichous
29
has flagella that surrounded the whole bacteria
Peritrichous
30
Chemical composition of flagella
flagellin
31
Gliding motility
capnocytophaga
32
Shooting star:
Vibrio cholerae
33
Corkscrew motility
Spirochetes
34
Tumbling motility
Listeria monocytogenes
35
Darting motility
Campylobacter
36
Keratin like coat Resistant structures Target of sterilization Produced by Gram (+) organisms
Endospores/Spores
37
Chemical composition of endospores
Calcium dipicolinate
38
Excreted by living bacterial cells Heat labile (60C) Produced by gram (+)
Exotoxin
39
highly antigenic; highly toxic
Exotoxin
40
Examples of Exotoxins
1. Enterotoxin 2. Cytotoxin 3. Neurotoxin
41
Liberated by cell walls when disintegrated Heat stable (60C) not antigenic; weakly toxic produced by gram (-)
Endotoxin
42
Detects endotoxin in body fluids
Limulus Lysate test
43
Non-poisonous form of toxins
Toxoids
44
Ways of converting toxins to toxoids
1. By aging 2. By exposure to heat 3. By exposure to 50% alcohol, formaldehyde, dilute acids
45
Generation time of T. pallidum
33 hrs
46
Generation time of M. tuberculosis
18 hrs/20-22 hrs
47
Generation time of S. aureus
30 minutes
48
Generation time of E. coli
20 minutes
49
Phase of Rejuvenescence No cell division # of cells at the beginning equal to the number of cells at the end of lag phase
Lag Phase
50
Bacterial division at constant rate Rapid exponential growth Population doubles
Log Phase
51
Decrease in bacterial growth may last for 1-2 days New cells equal the number of dying cells
Stationary Phase
52
In stationary phase, dead debris starting to accumulate due to:
Accumulation of toxin Lack of food Development of unfavorable pH
53
Complete cessation of multiplication
Death Phase
54
metachromatic granules of Mycobacterium group
Much granules

BACTE - BACTERIAL STRUCTURE (15 decks)

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