Gram positive pathogens Flashcards
(30 cards)
Staphylococcus aureus is a normal inhabitant of…
The skin.
It is present in the nose of 30-40% of the population.
Staphylococcus aureus causes…
- food poisoning
- skin and soft tissue infections
- bone infections
- endocarditis
Scalded skin syndrome affects mostly…
Infants and young children.
What is Scalded skin syndrome? And what is the mortality?
Where a toxin produced causes skin layers to shed.
Rarely life threatening. Mortality less than 3%.
Toxic shock syndrome causes…
Fever, hypotension, rash and desquamation of the skin on soles/palms.
MRSA most common in…
- Elderly
- Lines/catheters
- Surgical wounds
- ICU
MRSA treatment…
Vancomycin
Staphylococcus epidermis present where?
on the skin
Staphylococcus epidermis infection risk…
- cannulae
- long lines
- pacemakers
How often should you change a cannulae?
Every 72h
Streptococci can cause…
- skin infections
- pharyngitis
- pneumonia
- meningitis
Streptococci pneumonia causes…
- Sinusitis
- Otitis media
- Pneumonia
- Meningitis
- Septicaemia
- Septic arthritis
Symptoms of pneumococcal meningitis in adults…
- Headache
- Fever
- Nausea/vomiting
- Blotchy red rash
Symptoms of pneumococcal meningitis in under 2YO’s…
- Floppy and unresponsive
- Pale, blotchy skin
- Vomiting and loss of appetite
- Staring expression
Symptoms of pneumonia…
- Fever
- Productive cough
- Rusty sputum
Treatment of Streptococci pneumonia…
- Penicillin if sensitive
- Vancomycin
- Vaccination for PREVENTION.
Strep throat can lead to..
- Scarlet fever
- Quinsy
- Sinusitis
Treatment for strep throat…
Oral antibiotics
Impetigo treatment..
Flucloxacillin
Causes of cellulitis
- S. pyogenes
- S. aureus
- MRSA
Treatment of cellulitis
- Anti staph
- Strep antibiotics
Cellulitis symptoms
Hot, red skin
What is necrotising fasciitis?
An acute infection of deep layer of skin
Symptoms of necrotising fasciitis
- Red, hot swollen, very painful skin
- progression to cutaneous gangrene
- septic shock
