Great Turn - 5YPs and agricultural

Question 1

What was the Kolkhoz

Answer 1

A type of collective farm made up of 50-100 households

Question 2

When was the Ural-Siberian method implemented

Answer 2

1928-1929

Question 3

What was the Ural-Siberian method

Answer 3

Forced collectivisation
Destruction of the Kulaks

Question 4

How many industrial workers were sent to break up the Kulaks

Answer 4

25,000

Question 5

In Jan/Feb 1930 how many peasants were forced into collective farms

Answer 5

50% ~ 60 million

Question 6

Between March and Jun 1930 how did the number of peasants in collective farms change

Answer 6

Down from 58% - 24%

Question 7

What percentage of peasant households were in collective farms

Answer 7

90%

Question 8

In 1930/31 how many peasants were deported to Siberia & Kazakhstan

Answer 8

1.8 million

Question 9

In 1930/31 how many peasants were arrested (and of those killed)

Answer 9

390,000 (21,000)

Question 10

How many outbreaks of peasant unrest occurred in 1930

Answer 10

13,754

Question 11

Who revolted in February 1930

Answer 11

Women in the North Cascasus

Question 12

When was the Mir abolished

Answer 12

1930

Question 13

Between 1928 and 1941 how many peasants left for the towns/industrial areas

Answer 13

20 million

Question 14

When was the holodomor

Answer 14

1932-33

Question 15

How many died in the holodomor

Answer 15

5.7~7 million

Question 16

What was the law of five ears of corn

Answer 16

Anyone caught taking any produce from a collective field could be shot or imprisoned for stealing socialist property

Question 17

What were peasant households allowed to own

Answer 17

One acre of land, one cow, one pig, four sheep (plus offspring) and any number of rabbits and poultry

Question 18

What percentage of meat and veg were provided by private (Kolkhoz) plots

Answer 18

52% - veg
70% - meat

Question 19

What were the grain exports in the 1931 & 1934 (in millions of tons)

Answer 19

5 - 1931
0.77 - 1935

Question 20

What were the reasons for the great turn

Answer 20

‘Soviet America’
Self sufficiency
Establish Stalin’s credentials
Grain supplies

Question 21

What were the reasons for the 5 Year Plans

Answer 21

Turn away from NEP
Prepare for potential invasion

Question 22

How many years was Russian industry estimated to be behind the west

Answer 22

Over 50 Years

Question 23

What were the Gigantomania projects

Answer 23

Magnitogorsk (31)
Dnieprostroi Dam (32)
Moscow Metro (35)
Volga Canal (37)

Question 24

When were the five year plans

Answer 24

1st - 28-32
2nd - 33-37
3rd - 38-41

Question 25

What was the quicksand economy

Answer 25

Instability due to constant worker movement

Question 26

During the 1st 5yp what was the target and output for Electricity

Answer 26

T - 6x O - 3x

Question 27

During the 1st 5yp what was the target and output for Iron

Answer 27

T - 3x O - 2x

Question 28

How much did Steel production increase during the 1st 5yp

Answer 28

33%

Question 29

What were the consistent problems across all three five years plans

Answer 29

Decline in consumer goods Organisations lying about their output Quality neglected over quantity

Question 30

What was the three good years 1934-36

Answer 30

Self sufficiency Good harvest International trade

Question 31

How much did steel and coal production increase during the 2nd 5yp

Answer 31

Steel x3 Coal x2

Question 32

How much did spending on rearmament increase during the 2nd 5yp as a percentage of GDP

Answer 32

4% - 17%

Question 33

What was the 1940 decree on labour

Answer 33

8 hour work day Can't change jobs Absenteeism

Question 34

Why was the 3rd 5yp derailed

Answer 34

Rearmament spending doubled

Question 35

What was the increase in the population of Moscow 1929-39

Answer 35

+1.9 million

Question 36

When was rationing implemented

Answer 36

1929-1935

Question 37

At magnitogorsk what percentage of people lived in mud huts

Answer 37

25%

Question 38

How much did meat consumption in Moscow fall

Answer 38

-60%

Question 39

Between 1928 and 1940 what was the increase in the number of women working in industry

Answer 39

10 million increase

Question 40

What were the negatives of women in the work force

Answer 40

Paid Less Domination of medical jobs

Question 41

In 1935 what percentage of workers in Leningrad were women

Answer 41

44%

Question 42

Who was Alexei Stakhanov

Answer 42

Russian miner who did a voluntary 5 hour shift producing 102 tons of coal, 14x his quota Soviet Hercules

Question 43

What examples are there of propaganda during the 5yps

Answer 43

2+2=5 Five year plan in four Stakanatives

Question 44

How deep was the White Sea Canal

Answer 44

12 feet (making it useless)

Question 45

Who was Sergei Ordzhinikidze

Answer 45

Commissariat of heavy industry

Question 46

What was the Shakty trial (March 1928)

Answer 46

Accusation that some managerial staff at the Shakty coal mine were counter-revolutionaries. 5 were executed

Question 47

How did peasants resist collectivisation

Answer 47

Destruction of houses, tools and crops and culling of lifestock

Question 48

How much did the number of horses in Russia decrease 1928-1933

Answer 48

50% less