Gross Anatomy Week 3 Flashcards
(107 cards)
1
Q
Where does the external iliac become the femoral artery
A
inguinal ligament
2
Q
SRY Gene
A
Causes maleness
3
Q
Where do uterine fibroids come from
A
Myometrium
4
Q
Femal reproductive structures that are intraperitoneal
A
Uterus
fallopian tube
dome of bladder
ovary
5
Q
Order of cancer prevalence
A
cervical
uterine
vaginal
rectal
Related to HPV
6
Q
What do we all start ou as
A
female
XX chromosome
7
Q
Hydrocele
A
fluid in between the visercal and parietal layer of tunica vaginalis
all around the testicle
8
Q
6 P’s of compartment syndrome
A
Pain Poikilothermia Paresthesia Paralysis Pulselessness Pallor
9
Q
What makes up the pes anserine tendon
A
Sartorius
Gracilis
semitendonosis (Hamstring muscle)
Attahces at the medial tibia
10
Q
what artery feeds the head of the femur
A
the circumflex
11
Q
What ligament supports the body of the uterus
A
Round ligament
12
Q
Genital part of the geital femoral nerve
A
goes through the deep inguinal ring
and
the superficial inguinal ring
genital nerve trauma (kicked in groin sensation)
13
Q
tunica albuginea
A
surrounds corpus cavernosa
14
Q
deep inguinal ring
A
internal entrance to the inguinal canal
15
Q
AMH
A
Anti mullerian hormone
Inhibits the mullerian ducts from differnetiaiting.
16
Q
Sciatic nerve and the piriformis
A
The sciatic nerve can either come out inferior to the pisiform muscle
or can pierce through the pisiform muscle
17
Q
What is first thing that happens in defecation
A
Stretch receptor signals
18
Q
What nerve blocks the perineum
A
pudental nerve
19
Q
Inguinal canal
A
walls :
anterior wall = aponeurosis of externla oblique
posterior wall = transversalis fascia
Roof:
fibers of internal oblique and transverse abdominal
Floor:
superior surface of inguinal ligament
20
Q
Where does the femoral artery become the popliteal artery
A
adductor hiatus
21
Q
Direct Hernia
A
wall defect
lift something get a defect in wall
deep or inguinal canal
22
Q
Best way to view retroutrine pouch
A
Transvaginal
23
Q
Fossa navicularis
A
opening of the urethra at the glans
where you swab for STD’s
where the bacteria live
24
Q
Which hernia goes through the deep inguinal ring and the superficial inguinal ring
A
indirect hernia
25
AMH
Anti mullerian hormone
Inhibits the mullerian ducts from differnetiaiting.
causes them to die away
26
Trace sperm
```
testes
epididymis
ductus deferens
seminal vesicle
ejaculatory duct
prostatic urethra
Penis
```
27
Pelvic (femoral) Triangle
```
Sartorious (Lateral Border)
Inguinal ligament (Superior Border)
Adducter longus (medial border)
```
28
Penile cancer travels to
deep inguinal
then to illiac from there
then to caval and aortic nodes
29
Compartments of leg
Anterior
Lateral
Posterior
Deep Posterior
30
I T band attachment
Gerties tubercule
31
Where is the femoral artery felt
distal to the inguinal ligament, midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle.
32
Grest masquerader in knee
Lateral meniscus
33
Layer sloughed off in menses
endometrium
34
where do papsmear samples come from
cervix
endometrial ostium (past cervix)
2 differnet cell types
35
what suplies blood to pelvis
internal illiac
36
what becomes the tnica vaginalis
process vaginalis
37
leydig cells
Make testosterone
38
Trigone of bladder
Bladder neck
| Right and left ureter orifice
39
Why dont we give females unopposed estrogen
the endometrium will just build and not be sloughed off and can become cancerous
40
Where does cancer of the testis and scrotum go
cancer of the testis metastasizes initially to the lumbar lymph nodes
and
cancer of the scrotum metastasizes initially to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes.
41
Sciatic nerve is made of what two nerves
Tibial
| Common fibular
42
most superficial fascia in penis
Colles fascia
43
What is special about sartorius
it is a two joint muscle
| flexes the hip but also flexes the knee
44
Femoral hernias
more common in women
below inguinal ligament
femoral canal
45
what is differnet about the hallux
the big toe only has 2 instead of 3 bones
46
hesselbachs triangle
inferior epigastric vessels
rectus abdominus
inguinal ligament
47
superfiscial inguinal ring
exit from inguinal canal
48
Where does the pudental nerve go
Penis and scrotum
comes of S2-S4
```
becomes dorsal nerve
and posterior scrotal nerves
perineal nerve
inferior anal nerve
external sphincter
urethra
```
49
medial menisicus tear
knee mechanical problems
50
Sertoli Cells
Makes sperm
semineferous tubules
help with spermatogenesis
FSH
51
dartos fascia
includes penis and scrotum
becomes colles fascia
becomes scarpas fascia Anteriorly
52
Where dos the popliteal artery end
The popliteal artery ends at
the inferior border of the popliteus muscle
it bifurcates into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries.
53
Bones of the foot
1st cuniform
2nd cuniform
3rd cuniform
associate with corresponding toes
cuboid associates with 4th, 5th toes
Navicular is between the talus and the 1st cuniform
calcaneous is lateral to talus attaches to cuboid
54
Corpus cavernosa
2 compartments
55
Corpus spongiosum
Surrounds the urethra
Glans of penis is extension of corpus spongiosum and therefore doesn't get hard
56
What makes up the pes anserine tendon
Sartorius
Gracilis
semitendonosis (Hamstring muscle)
Attahces at the medial tibia
57
Nerves of lower leg
```
Tibial (posterior)
Superficial peroneal (lateral)
Deep peroneal (Anterior)
```
58
Subcutaneous tissue in penis is
colles fascia
59
Direct vs indirect palpation
Indirect tip of finger
Direct side of finger
60
Jones fracture
5th metatarsal fracture at the head
61
3 layers of uterus
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
62
soleus relation to gastroc
Soleus is deeper
63
Bucks fascia
surrounds entire penis
64
Bladder msucle that squeezes
Detrusor
65
Injury at what level can impair bowel and bladder function
T12
L1
L2
66
Hydrocele
Fluid between the visceral and parietal tunica vaginalis.
67
Flomax and alpha blocker side effects
retrograde ejaculation
causes the internal sphincter not to close
68
Hamstring muscles
```
Semitendonosis (medial)
semimembranosis (medial)
biceps femoris (lateral)
```
69
O.R. time greater than 2 hours in surgery in lithotomy (candy canes)
Can affect either or both
femoral nervelateral cutaneous nerve
```
common fibular (can have motor "foot drop")
(most common)
```
(better to flex hip less than 90 degrees)
70
Urethral tract
```
Fossa navicularis
pendulus urethra
bulbar urethra (where it makes turn)
membranous urethra
Prostatic urethra (the ejaculatory duct goes in here)
Bladder neck
```
71
Urogenital triangle
pubic symphysis to the two ischial tuberosities
72
What nerves go to the detrusor bladder
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
73
where does the nerve artery vein orientation not line up
Popliteal fossa
Nerve
Vein and then
artery
74
Wolffian ducts
Stimualted by testosterone
75
Chinese lantern sign
hydrocele
76
What does great saphenous vein dump into
Great saphenous vein dumps into femoral
77
umbilical ligament
remnant from umbilical cord
| uracous
78
Where does a block on the penis go
Dorsal block
base of the penis
ring block
79
Broad ligament
Helps hold up the
| fallopian tube, ovary adn uterus
80
Most common lowere motor neuron disease
L5 - S1 Disc
81
Anal triangle
Coccyx to the two ischial tuberosities
Bony landmarks
not muscle
82
which 3 bones make the acetabulum
Pubis
Illium
Isium
83
Sertoli Cells
Makes sperm
84
Difference between mullarin and wolfian
Mullarian is female
wolffian is male
we would all be female if we did not have anti mullarian hormone
Mullarian duct diffeentiate into fmeal anatomy organs
wolfian become male anatomy
85
what can happen if you give IM injection into the fat
Fat necrosis
86
Ilioinguinal nerve exits where
Superficial inguinal canal
87
Compartments of thigh
Anterior
posterior
medial
88
Pelvic Pain line
Cervix and vagina
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Hypogastric plexus
89
Colles fascia
originates from dartos fascia
is perineal
90
what is violated in penile fracture
Violation in Bucks fascia
Tear in tunica albuginea
91
What gives the penis its rigidity
tunica albiginea
92
Micturition process
```
Stretch (sensory somatic afferent)
External sphincter relaxes
Signal goes to the cord
then to the pontine micturition center
then sends a signal to the detrusor muscle to squeeze
and to relax the internal sphincter
voiding
```
93
Pelvic block issues
If we block at the spinal block
at vertebral level L3, L4
patient wont be able to walk
if we go caudal or pudental patient can still walk
Pudental block does not block pain from the superior birth canal (uterine cervix and superior vagina), so the mother is able to feel uterine contractions.
94
bifurcation of common illiac occurs at
Top rim of the illium
95
Indirect hernias
most common
mostly in men
congenital
transversalis fascia
96
What is black on CT
air
97
post menopausal difference in endometrium
endometrium is different thickness
98
What is the nerve in the anterior compartment of the leg
Deep Fibular
99
TDF
Testis discrimination factor
| SRY
100
Gubernaculum
pulls down the teste (helps them descend)
can also cause testicular torsion
remnant is on bottom of testicle which holds teste in place and stops from twisting
101
Is peristalysis sympathetic or parasympathetic
parasympathetic
Feed and breed / rest digest
102
Fourniers gangrene
Scrotal necrosis
Usually stops at inguinal ligament
goes up scarpas fascia
high mortality rate
older, diabetic, immuncompromised, steroids, poor health
103
Communicating vs non communicating Hydrocele
If you squeeze the hydrocele and the fluid doesn’t go anywhere then it is
noncommunicating
Communicating = no fusion; Non-communicating = fusion.
No fusion in female then there is an abnormal Canal of Nuck communicating to the labia majora
in a male, communicating is a hernia
104
What color is stool on x ray
White (fluffy)
105
where does deep fascia go
Around entire penis
also known as bucks fascia
stops at base of penis
106
Layer of uterus that causes cancer
endometrium
107
What color is air on an x ray
Black
