Group 1: Avian Influenza

Question 1

is a type of zoonotic (or animal) influenza that affects wild birds and poultry and is caused by virus sub-types A(H5N1), A(H9N2

Answer 1

Avian influenza / bird flu

Question 2

A(H5N1) incubation period ranges from _____ days on average and it also last up to 17 days.

Answer 2

2 to 5

Question 3

Also, avian influenza is classified into two. According to Control for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), as there as many subtypes of avian influenza A viruses they narrowed it into

Answer 3

• highly pathogenic and low pathogenic avian influenza

Question 4

shows no or few signs of disease in poultry and wild birds, but it could be highly pathogenic when it mutates

Answer 4

low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI)

Question 5

manifests severe disease and cause high mortality in chickens

Answer 5

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI)

Question 6

is brought on by influenza A viruses that typically only infect wild birds and farm poultry. Some of these strains have been linked to infections in people

Answer 6

Avian influenza

Question 7

sometimes referred to as chemotactic cytokines, are a broad family of tiny, secreted proteins that communicate by activating heptahelical chemokine receptors on cell surfaces

Answer 7

Chemokines

Question 8

a particular class of protein that affects the immune system and is produced by some immune and non-immune cells

Answer 8

Cytokine

Question 9

are essential for the killing of virally infected cells and are a crucial part of the adaptive immune system.

Answer 9

cytotoxic t cell (ctls)

Question 10

occurs when an infected person comes into contact with a susceptible person

Answer 10

Direct contact transmission

Question 11

the time frame between a pathogen’s infection of an individual and the illness or disease it causes

Answer 11

Incubation period

Question 12

there is no a direct human-to-human interaction. Contact between a reservoir and contaminated surfaces or objects, or between a reservoir and vectors like rats, dogs, flies, mites, fleas, and ticks, happens -

Answer 12

Indirect contact transmission

Question 13

what are the symptoms of Avian influenza?

Answer 13

symptoms are similar to the common flu-like symptoms such as headache, sore throat (inflamed or painful throat), may have runny or congested nose because of the secretions that is blocking the airways, then may experience fatigue or body weakness due to sickness. Another, can encounter fever with shivers and chills (37.8 - 38°C) along with dry cough and shortness of breath or difficulty of breathing which are both upper respiratory infections.

Question 14

It usually tales _____ days for the first symptoms to appear after that follows a quick deterioration which precedes or progress severely that may lead to pneumonia, respiratory failure, multi-organ failure, septic shock -

Answer 14

3-5

Question 15

You need to be tested once you’re having flu-like symptoms that lasted for several days already or you happen to be exposed to:

Answer 15

A poultry farmer
o A traveler visiting affected areas
o Exposed to infected birds o Someone who eats undercooked poultry or eggs
o A healthcare worker caring for infected patients
o A household member of an infected person

Question 16

Laboratory tests to determine Avian Influenza

Answer 16

RT-PCR
Sampling (endotracheal aspirate/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid)
RIDTs (rapid influenza diagnostic test)

Question 17

main medication that is prescribe by a physician or doctor to a patientsthat has a Birdflu

Answer 17

Antiviral Drugs or known as Flu Antiviral Drugs

Question 18

four medicines under Antiviral Drugs:

Answer 18

Oseltamivir Phosphate, Zanamivir, Peramivir, Marboxil Baloxavir