Group 1 - Colonial Motives of Spain & Early Expeditions to the Philippines Flashcards
(198 cards)
1
Q
Prince Henry of Portugal is also known as ___
A
Henry the Navigator
2
Q
lifespan of Henry the Navigator
A
1394-1460
3
Q
In 1445, Henry the Navigator appealed to ___ ___ __
A
Pope Nicholas V
4
Q
What did Henry the Navigator promise?
A
spread the Christian faith to non-believers
5
Q
What did Pope Nicholas V issue?
A
papal bull
6
Q
papal bull that gave Portugal title to all African territories that has been acquired and will be acquired in the future
A
Romanus Pontifex
7
Q
What would happen if one would go against the Portugal’s right?
A
would be excommunicated from the church
8
Q
- adventurous entrepreneur and navigator
- persuaded the king and queen to fund his expedition to locate a western route to Asia
A
Christopher Columbus
9
Q
Who were the people that Christopher Columbus persuade to fund his expedition?
A
- King Ferdinand II of Aragon
- Queen Isabella of Castile
10
Q
King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella of Castile is from the Kingdom of ___
A
Spain
11
Q
Where is Christopher Columbus from?
A
Italy
12
Q
lifespan of Christopher Columbus
A
1451-1506
13
Q
Why did the Spain sponsor Columbus?
A
- in return for the gold, spices, and riches that he might find
- spreading of Christianity
14
Q
Why did the Portugal not sponsor Columbus?
A
- thought he was a fool
- believed Columbus had miscalculated the distance of the trip
15
Q
series of papal bull that confirmed Spain’s title to Columbus’ discovered lands
A
Inter Caetera
16
Q
Who issued the papal bull “Inter Caetera”?
A
Pope Alexander VI
17
Q
Papal Bull “Inter Caetera” is also known as “__ __ __”
A
Doctrine of Discovery
18
Q
What is the papa bull “Inter Caetera”?
A
- established a demarcation line
19
Q
Where is the demarcation line established by the “Inter Caetera” located?
A
One hundred (100) leagues west of the Azores and Cape Verde Islands
20
Q
What is the demarcation line established by the “Inter Caetera” for?
A
- assigned Spain exclusive right to acquire territorial possessions and trade in all lands WEST of that line
- assigned Portugal dominion over all of undiscovered lands EAST of the line
21
Q
When was the papal bull “Inter Caetera” issued?
A
May 4, 1493
22
Q
First Bull
A
recognized King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella’s title to Columbus’ discovered new land area and new people
23
Q
Second Bull
A
conversion of the native inhabitants to Christianity
24
Q
an agreement between Spain and Portugal’s monarchies to settle conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Christopher Columbus and other later 15th century voyagers
A
Treaty of Tordesillas
25
Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World by drawing an imaginary in the Atlantic Ocean about ________
370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands
26
When was the Treaty of Tordesillas agreed?
June 7, 1494
27
Where was the manuscript of the Treaty of Tordesillas placed?
parchment
28
How many piles does the Treaty of Tordesillas have?
4 Piles (8 sheets)
29
Measurements of the sheets of the Treaty of Tordesillas
330mm x 250mm
30
- organized the first circumnavigation of the globe
- born from a family whose father was a minor member of the Portuguese nobility
Fernão de Magalhães (Portuguese) or
Fernando de Magallanes (Spanish)
31
What did Ferdinand Magellan discover when he organized the first circumnavigation of the globe?
- Strait of Magellan
- Guam
- Mariana Islands
- Philippine Islands
32
Where did Ferdinand Magellan enlist?
7th Portuguese India Armada
33
How long did Ferdinand Magellan remain in the 7th Portuguese India Armada?
8 years
34
Who rejected Ferdinand Magellan multiple times?
King Manuel I of Portugal
35
named as a co-captain alongside Magellan by the time they received the letter of authorization
Ruy de Faleiro
36
Where was Ruy de Faleiro born?
Covilhã, Portugal
37
Who were the people that Ruy de Faleiro served as a page alongside Magellan?
Queen Eleanor
King John II
38
What was Magellan and Faleiro's proposal?
Sail westward, around South America to seek a new commercial route to the Spice Islands of Makulu
39
How many occasions did King Manuel I rejected Magellan's proposal?
3 separate occasions
40
What are the terms of agreement with King Charles?
- receiving a monopoly of the discovered route for ten (10) years
- receiving a fifth of riches obtained on the voyage
- authorization to become "sea-captains" during their journey
41
Who was instructed to write the letter of authorization that is to be given to Magellan and Faleiro?
Francisco de los
Cobos y Molina
42
What were the assigned ships for the expedition of Magellan?
- Trinidad
- Victoria
- Concepción
- Santiago
- San Antonio
43
What is the name of the ship where Magellan is captain?
Trinidad
44
How many crew members were with Magellan?
approx. 270
45
Lifespan of Ferdinand Magellan
1480 - 1521
46
- descendant of a family of Vicenza who claimed Venetian citizenship
- member of knights and rhodes
- diplomatic and served duties in papal service
Antonio Pigafetta
47
lifespan of Antonio Pigafetta
1491-1534
48
When did Ruy de Faleiro die?
1523
49
Antonio Pigafetta was a member of __ __ __
Knights of Rhodes
50
How did Antonio Pigafetta hear about Magellan enterprise?
When he accompanied Leo X
51
When did Antonio Pigafetta hear about the Magellan enterprise?
1518
52
Why did Antonio Pigafetta volunteer for Magellan's voyage?
craving for experience and glory
53
When did Antonio Pigafetta return home after completing the circumnavigation?
1522
54
What fleet did Antonio Pigafetta ride on returning home?
Victoria
55
What was the use of Antonio Pigafetta?
used in communication with the indigenous people in negotiating
- trades
- ceremonial visits
- others
56
What made Antonio Pigafetta a sponge in quality information?
learned native dialects of places they gone
57
What did Antonio Pigafetta bring back with him from the voyage?
most valuable narrative of voyage in his journal
58
Places in the first voyage around the world
1. Zamal (Samar)
2. Humunu (Homonhon Island)
3. Mazaua (Limasawa Island)
4. Zubu (Cebu)
5. Matan (Mactan)
59
Samar
Zamal
60
Homonhon Island
Humunu
61
Limasawa Island
Mazaua
62
Cebu
Zubu
63
Mactan
Matan
64
When did the Spanish navigators come upon on Zamal?
March 16, 1521
65
What was the first island mention in Antonio Pigafetta's relation?
Zamal (Samar)
66
What is the name of the second island that the voyage went?
Humunu (Homonhon Island)
67
Who did they meet in Humunu?
- Raia Colambu
- Raia Siaui
68
Who acted as interpreter in Magellan's expedition?
Enrique of Malacca, his Malay slave
69
Who is the fleet chaplain of Magellan's expedition?
Father Pedro de Valderrama
70
Who is Magellan's brother-in-law that went with him in his expedition?
Duarte de Barbosa
71
What did the captain-general present the people of Humunu with?
- red caps
- mirrors
- combs
- bells
- ivory
- bacasine
72
What are the things the Spaniard received as an exchange for what they presented?
- fish
- palm of wine (uraca)
- bananas
- two cocoanuts
73
What did the Spaniards call the Humunu Island?
Acquada da li buoni segnialli
74
What does "Acquada da li buoni segnialli" mean?
The Watering Place of Good Signs
75
What did the Spaniards call the Humunu Islands besides "Acquada da li buoni segnialli"?
Archipelago of San Lazaro
76
Where did the voyage go after Humunu?
Mazaua (Limasawa Island)
77
Where did the first mass happen?
Mazaua (Limasawa Island)
78
When did the first mass happen?
March 31, 1521 (Easter Sunday)
79
Who conducted the first mass?
Father Pedro de Valderrama
80
As a token that they had gone to Limasawa, what was erected?
Cross
81
The people of Limasawa worshipped nothing but they raised their hands to the sky that they call ___
god Abba
82
The island does not have enough food yet they mention three names. What are those?
1. Ceylon (Leyte)
2. Zubu (Cebu)
3. Calaghan
83
Leyte
Ceylon
84
What is the largest and with most trade?
Zubu
85
How long did the expedition stay in Mazaua?
7 days
86
From Mazaua to Zubu, what places did they pass through?
1. Ceylon (Leyte)
2. Bohol
3. Canigham
4. Baybai
5. Gatighan
87
When did the expedition come to the port of Zubu?
April 7, 1521
88
What is the purpose why they went to Zubu?
Visit the king and buy food with their merchandise
89
In contrast to their purpose in going to Zubu, what happened?
Their arrival brought commotion but was soon settled
90
How did they settle the commotion in Zubu?
through a sanduguan (blood compact)
91
When did the sanduguan happen?
April 8, 1521 (morning)
92
After the settlement in Zubu, what happened when the prince and the chiefs came to their ships?
The captain-general taught them about Christianity and their faith
93
Who is the prince of Zubu?
King's nephew
94
What did the prince of Zubu give the captain-general?
- basket of rice
- swine
etc.
95
What did the captain-general give the prince of Zubu?
- white cloth of the finest linen
etc.
96
What was tasked to Pigafetta to deliver?
present to the King of Zubu which are
- silk robe
- fine red cap
etc.
97
When did the baptismal mass in Zubu happen?
April 14, 1521 (morning)
98
How many natives where baptized in Zubu?
800 natives
99
Baptismal name of Raia Humabon
Don Carlo
100
Who is the king of Zubu?
Raia Humabon
101
Baptismal name of the prince
Don Fernando
102
Baptismal name of the Raia Colambu
Johanni
103
Baptismal name of the Queen of Zubu
Johanna
104
Baptismal name of a chief
Fernando
105
Baptismal name of the Moro
Christoforo
106
Baptismal name of the wife of prince
Catherina
107
Baptismal name of Queen of Mazaua
Lisabeta
108
What are the villages in Zubu?
1. Cinghapola
2. Mandaui
3. Lalan
4. Lalutan
5. Cilumai
6. Lubucun
109
Chiefs of Cinghapola
1. Cilaton
2. Ciguibucan
3. Cimaningha
4. Cimatichat
5. Cicanbul
110
Chief of Mandaui
Apanoaan
111
Chief of Lalan
Theteu
112
Chief of Lalutan
Tapan
113
Island near Zubu
Matan (Mactan)
114
Chiefs of Matan
- Zula
- Cilapulapu
115
When did Zula send one of his sons to present two goats to the captain-general?
April 26, 1521 (Friday)
116
Why was the son not able to send gifts to the captain-general?
Because of Cilapulapu
117
When did the Battle of Mactan start?
April 27, 1521
118
Who was the interpreter and slave of Magellan that was not freed and was threatened to be flogged if he would go ashore?
Henrich
119
What did Henrich do even when he was threatened?
Did not follow the order and went to the king and arranged a plot
120
When did the king invite the commanders to get the jewels he promised to send to the King of Spagnia?
May 1, 1521 (morning)
121
How many men went to get the jewel and dine with the king of Matan?
24 men
122
Why did Pigafetta not join the banquet?
He was injured
123
What happened to the men that went to the banquet?
Killed
124
Who won in the battle of Mactan?
group of Cilapulapu
125
In exchange of the merchandises, what did the Spaniards ask the people of Matan after the battle?
body of Magellan
126
Why did they refuse to give Magellan's body?
keep it as memorial
127
Who were chosen to be the commanders of the flagship?
- Duarte Barboza
- Johan Seranno
128
What is the name of the astrologer that is one of the 24 men who went ashore?
San Martin de Sivilla
129
Who declined to Johan Serrano's request to be redeemed through their merchandise?
Johan Carvaio
130
treaty that defined the areas of Castilian and Portuguese influence in Asia to resolve the "Moluccas issue"
Treaty of Zaragoza
131
NHCP
National Historical Commission of the Philippines
132
When did the NHCP dismiss the Butuan claim and reaffirmed Limasawa as the site of the first mass in the country?
April 20, 2020
133
What barangay was recognized as the specific location in Limasawa where the first mass happened?
Barangay Tiana
134
Site where the cross in Limasawa was planted
Saub point
135
When did both kingdoms of Spain and Portugal organize the Junta de Bajadoz-Elvas to resolve the Moluccas Issue?
1524
136
What did the kingdoms organize to resolve the Moluccas Issue?
Junta de Bajadoz-Elvas
137
What is the issue to be resolved in the Junta de Bajadoz-Elvas?
find the exact location of Tordesillas' antemeridian
138
To ease an agreement on the Moluccas, Charles V's younger sister ___ __ ___ married ___ ___ __ ___.
Catherine of Austria
John III of Portugal
139
Treaty of Zaragoza is also called the ___ __ ___
Capitulation of Zaragoza
140
When was the Treaty of Zaragoza signed?
April 22, 1529
141
Who signed the Treaty of Zaragoza?
- King John III of Portugal and
- Castilian emperor Charles V
142
Where was the Treaty of Zaragoza signed?
Aragonese city of Zaragoza
143
What did the Treaty of Zaragoza grant to Portugal?
- sovereignty over the Moluccas
- navigation rights
- trade
144
How much did Portugal agree to pay to purchase the Spanish rights?
350, 000 ducats
145
The Treaty of Zaragoza provided an ____ to the line established by the 1494 Treaty.
antemeridian
146
Who ordered the Mexican Viceroy Luis de Velasco to prepare an expedition for the Philippines' conquest and colonization?
King Philipp II of Spain
147
Because the Mexican Viceroy died, the commander of the expedition was given to who?
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
148
Who accompanied Legazpi acting as the chief pilot?
Fr. Andres de Urdaneta
149
Who is Legazpi's grandson that accompanied him?
Captain Felipe de Salcedo
150
Who is the survivor of the Villalobos expedition that accompanied Legazpi?
Guido de Lavezaris
151
Who is Legazpi's son and fleet accountant that accompanied him?
Melchor de Legazpi
152
How many Augustinian missionaries accompanied Legazpi?
5
153
When did Legazpi arrive the Philippines?
1565
154
When did Legazpi anchor near the island of Cebu?
February 13, 1565
155
When did Legazpi sail to Samar
February 22, 1565
156
Who welcomed Legazpi in Samar?
Chief Urrao
157
When did Legazpi land in Limasawa?
March 9, 1565
158
Who hospitably received Legazpi in Limasawa?
Chief Bankaw
159
What are the main specific instructions of the King of Spain to Legazpi?
- shall proceed in search of and to discover the Western islands situated toward Malucos but not enter Malucos
- labor for the evangelization of the natives
- ascertain the products of the islands
- discover the new route to New Spain
160
What is the name of the flagship where Legazpi will embark?
Sant Felipe
161
Who is the master-of-camp along Legazpi?
Captain Mateo Del Saz
162
Who were the native kings that Legazpi made a blood compact after befriending them?
Sikatuna
Sigala
163
When did Legazpi make a blood compact with Sikatuna and Sigala
March 1565
164
Legazpi's first duty is to appoint:
- Pilots
- Masters
- Boatswains
- Notaries
- Artillery officers
165
Who shall not accompany Legazpi's fleet?
- useless person
- Indians or Negroes (beyond a dozen for servants)
- women
166
When did Legazpi sail to Cebu?
April 27, 1565
167
Who defied the Spaniards in Cebu?
Chief Tupas
168
Where is the first established Spanish settlement?
Cebu
169
What did the Spaniards name Cebu?
Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus
170
What does "Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus" mean
City of the Most Holy Name of Jesus
171
Why did they name Cebu "Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus"?
they found an image of Sto. Niño in one of the native houses
172
When did Legazpi and Tupas conclude a treaty with the condition that he and the other datus recognize Spanish sovereignty and friendship?
June 4, 1565
173
When did the Spaniards transfer to Panay?
1569
174
Why did the Spaniards transfer from Cebu to Panay?
scarcity of food provisions
175
Where did the Spaniards transfer to when they did not have enough food in Cebu?
Panay
176
Where did the Spaniards establish a second settlement?
bank of Panay River
177
When did Legazpi dispatch Martin de Goiti to explore the northern region?
1570
178
Who did Legazpi dispatch to explore the northern region?
Martin de Goiti
179
Why did Legazpi dispatch Martin de Goiti to the northern region?
he heard of Luzon's riches
180
Where did de Goiti land?
Batangas
181
How many people were with de Goiti when he landed in Batangas to explore the area?
120 Spaniards
600 Visayans (from Cebu and Panay Islands)
182
When did de Goiti arrive in Manila Bay?
May 8, 1570
183
Who did they ally with in Manila Bay?
Raja Soliman
184
Raja Soliman is a vassal under who?
vassal under the Sultan of Brunei
185
When did Goiti and his men capture Maynilad and Soliman?
May 24, 1570
186
What did Raja Soliman do regarding the Spaniards?
refused to submit to Spanish vassalage and defended his area from them
187
When did Legazpi follow Goiti and Salcedo to Maynilad?
May 1571
188
What did Legazpi do in Maynilad when he got there?
formed a peace pact with the natives and the local rulers
189
Who are the local rulers Legazpi made peace pact with in Maynilad?
Rajah Suleiman
Lakan Dula
190
- a Pampango warlord
- rallied the warriors from different towns to resist Spanish invaders' resistance
Bambalito
191
When did Bambalito battle with the Spaniards?
June 3, 1571
192
Where did Bambalito's war boats sail down to go to Goiti's forces?
Channel of Bankusay, off the north shore of Manila Bay
193
When did Legazpi proclaim Maynilad as the island's capital and seat of the Spanish government in East Indies?
June 24, 1571
194
What did King Philip II name Manila?
Insigne y Siempre Leal Ciudad
195
When did King Philip II name Manila as "Insigne y Siempre Leal Ciudad"?
June 1, 1574
196
What does "Insigne y Siempre Leal Ciudad" mean?
Distinguished and Ever Loyal City
197
Route of Legazpi to be taken on the westward
1. Island of Nublada
2. Rosa Partida
3. Island Los Reyes
4. Coral Islands
5. Philippines
198
Pope Alexander VI real name
Rodrigo Borgia
