Group 4 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What poisons does Prussian blue treat?
Thallium and radioactive cesium-137 (and other cesium isotopes).
What is the mechanism of action of Prussian blue?
Binds thallium/cesium in the intestines via ion exchange and chelation, reducing absorption and enhancing fecal excretion.
What is the adult dosage regimen for Prussian blue?
3g (6 capsules) orally TDS for 30 days, adjusted as internal radiation decreases.
What is a common side effect of Prussian blue?
Constipation; stool, tears, and sweat may turn blue.
What electrolyte imbalance is a complication of Prussian blue use?
Hypokalemia due to fecal potassium loss.
Who should avoid Prussian blue?
Patients hypersensitive to Prussian blue or its excipients.
What is the primary use of Digoxin Immune Fab?
Treatment of severe, life-threatening digoxin toxicity.
How does Digoxin Immune Fab work?
Binds free digoxin in blood, forming complexes excreted by the kidneys.
What is a contraindication for Digoxin Immune Fab?
Hypersensitivity to sheep-derived proteins (ovine allergy).
What off-label uses does Digoxin Immune Fab have?
Toxicity from plants like pheasant’s eye, balloon cotton bush, and toad venom.
What is a caution for Digoxin Immune Fab in pregnancy?
Use only if benefits outweigh fetal/infant risks due to limited safety data.
What are common sources of lead exposure?
Paint, corroded pipes, soil, inexpensive jewelry, and formerly petrol.
How does lead cause neurotoxicity?
Mimics calcium, disrupting neurotransmitter release and neuronal signaling.
What is the first-line treatment for lead poisoning in children?
Succimer (DMSA) 100mg capsule or IV.
What regimen is used for moderate-severe lead poisoning?
Edetate disodium (EDTA) 50mg/kg/day IV + Dimercaprol IM.
Why is milk recommended during lead poisoning treatment?
To reduce absorption; paired with enemas (e.g., castor oil) to relieve constipation.
What monitoring is needed during Prussian blue therapy?
Weekly urine/fecal radioactivity counts and whole-body monitoring post-treatment.
What alternative exists if Prussian blue is unavailable?
Supportive care, hydration, and whole bowel irrigation.
What plant toxins cross-react with Digoxin Immune Fab?
Pheasant’s eye, balloon cotton bush, king’s crown, and rubber-vine.
How does lead cause anemia?
By inhibiting heme production and inducing oxidative stress.
What is a fatal digoxin dose requiring Digoxin Immune Fab?
> 10mg in adults or >4mg in children.
