Group Behavior, Teams, and Conflict

Question 1

An event that affects one member of a group will affect the other group members

Answer 1

Corresponding effects

Question 2

An aim or purpose shared by members of a group

Answer 2

Common goal

Question 3

A leadership style in which the individual leads by caring about others and that is most effective in a climate of anxiety

Answer 3

Affiliation

Question 4

The need to associate ourselves with the image projected by other people, groups, or objects.

Answer 4

Identification

Question 5

The extent to which members of a group like and trust one another

Answer 5

Group cohesiveness

Question 6

Groups whose members share the same characteristics

Answer 6

Homogeneous groups

Question 7

Groups whose members share few similarities

Answer 7

Heterogeneous groups

Question 8

Groups in which a few group members have different characteristics from the rest of the group

Answer 8

Slightly heterogeneous

groups

Question 9

The extent to which the membership of a group remains consistent over time

Answer 9

Stability

Question 10

The degree of physical distance of a group from other groups

Answer 10

Isolation

Question 11

The amount of psychological pressure placed on a group by people who are not members of the group

Answer 11

Outside pressure

Question 12

The number of members in a group

Answer 12

Group size

Question 13

Tasks for which the group’s performance is equal to the sum of the performances of each individual group member

Answer 13

Additive tasks

Question 14

Tasks for which the group’s performance is dependent on the performance of the least effective group member

Answer 14

Conjunctive tasks

Question 15

Tasks for which the performance of a group is based on the performance of its most talented member

Answer 15

Disjunctive tasks

Question 16

States that the addition of a group member has the greatest effect on group behavior when the size of the group is small

Answer 16

Social impact theory

Question 17

The esteem in which the group is held by people not in the group

Answer 17

Group status

Question 18

The manner in which members of a group communicate with one another

Answer 18

Communication structure

Question 19

The positive effects that occur when a person performs a task in the presence of others

Answer 19

Social facilitation

Question 20

The negative effects that occur when a person performs a task in the presence of others

Answer 20

Social inhibition

Question 21

The effect on behavior when one or more people passively watch the behavior of another person

Answer 21

Audience effects

Question 22

The effect on behavior when two or more people are performing the same task in the presence of each other

Answer 22

Coaction

Question 23

Theory stating that the very fact that others happen to be present naturally produces arousal and thus may affect performance

Answer 23

Mere presence

Question 24

The effect when an individual working on a task compares his or her performance with that of another person performing the same task

Answer 24

Comparison

Question 25

The idea that a person performing a task becomes aroused because he or she is concerned that others are evaluating his or her performance

Answer 25

Evaluation apprehension

Question 26

The idea that social inhibition occurs because the presence of others provides a distraction that interferes with concentration

Answer 26

Distracting

Question 27

The fact that individuals in a group often exert less individual effort than they would if they were not in a group

Answer 27

Social loafing

Question 28

When one member of a group dominates the group

Answer 28

Individual dominance

Question 29

A state of mind in which a group is so concerned about its own cohesiveness that it ignores important information

Answer 29

Groupthink

Question 30

A group member who intentionally provides an opposing opinion to that expressed by the leader or the majority of the group

Answer 30

Devil’s advocate

Question 31

A collection of individuals whose results are pooled but who never interact with one another

Answer 31

Nominal group

Question 32

A collection of individuals who work together to perform a task

Answer 32

Interacting group

Question 33

A technique in which ideas are generated by people in a group setting

Answer 33

Brainstorming

Question 34

The extent to which group members identify with the team rather than with other groups

Answer 34

Identification

Question 35

The extent to which team members need and rely on other team members

Answer 35

Interdependence

Question 36

The extent to which team members have the same level of power and respect

Answer 36

Power differentiation

Question 37

The extent to which team members treat each other in a friendly, informal manner

Answer 37

Social distance

Question 38

The extent to which a team will remain together or be disbanded after a task has been accomplished

Answer 38

Permanency

Question 39

Physical distance between people

Answer 39

Proximity

Question 40

Teams that communicate through email rather than face to face

Answer 40

Virtual teams

Question 41

Groups of employees who manage themselves, assign jobs, plan and schedule work, make work-related decisions, and solve work-related problems

Answer 41

Work teams

Question 42

Also called cross-functional teams, they consist of representatives from various departments (functions) within an organization

Answer 42

Parallel teams

Question 43

Teams consisting of representatives from various departments (functions) within an organization

Answer 43

Cross-functional teams

Question 44

Groups formed to produce onetime outputs such as creating a new product, installing a new software system, or hiring a new employee

Answer 44

Project teams

Question 45

Teams that coordinate, manage, advise, and direct employees and teams

Answer 45

Management teams

Question 46

The first stage of the team process, in which team members “feel out” the team concept and attempt to make a positive impression

Answer 46

Forming stage

Question 47

The second stage in group formation in which group members disagree and resist their team roles

Answer 47

Storming stage

Question 48

The third stage of the team process, in which teams establish roles and determine policies and procedures

Answer 48

Norming stage

Question 49

The fourth and final stage of the team process, in which teams work toward accomplishing their goals

Answer 49

Performing stage

Question 50

The psychological and behavioral reaction to a perception that another person is keeping you from reaching a goal, taking away your right to behave in a particular way, or violating the expectancies of a relationship

Answer 50

Conflict

Question 51

Conflict that keeps people from working together, lessens productivity, spreads to other areas, or increases turnover

Answer 51

Dysfunctional conflict

Question 52

Conflict that results in increased performance or better interpersonal relations

Answer 52

Functional conflict

Question 53

Conflict between two people

Answer 53

Interpersonal conflict

Question 54

Conflict between an individual and the other members of a group

Answer 54

Individual–group conflict

Question 55

Conflict between two or more groups

Answer 55

Group–group conflict

Question 56

A cause of conflict that occurs when the demand for resources is greater than the resources available

Answer 56

Competition for | resources

Question 57

A potential source of conflict that arises when the completion of a task by one person affects the completion of a task by another person

Answer 57

Task interdependence

Question 58

Conflict caused by a disagreement about geographical territory or lines of authority

Answer 58

Jurisdictional ambiguity

Question 59

Physical, cultural, and psychological obstacles that interfere with successful communication and create a source of conflict

Answer 59

Communication barriers

Question 60

Relatively stable traits possessed by an individual

Answer 60

Personality

Question 61

The conflict style of a person who reacts to conflict by pretending that it does not exist

Answer 61

Avoiding style

Question 62

An approach to handling conflict in which one of the parties removes him/herself from the situation to avoid the conflict

Answer 62

Withdrawal

Question 63

An employee discusses a conflict with a third party such as a friend or supervisor; in doing so, the employee hopes that the third party will talk to the second party and that the conflict will be resolved without the need for the two parties to meet

Answer 63

Triangling

Question 64

The conflict style of a person who tends to respond to conflict by giving in to the other person

Answer 64

Accommodating style

Question 65

The conflict style of a person who responds to conflict by always trying to win

Answer 65

Forcing style

Question 66

An approach to handling conflict in which one side seeks to win regardless of the damage to the other side

Answer 66

Winning at all costs

Question 67

The conflict style of a person who wants a conflict resolved in such a way that both sides get what they want

Answer 67

Collaborating style

Question 68

A style of resolving conflicts in which an individual allows each side to get some of what it wants

Answer 68

Compromising style

Question 69

A method of resolving conflict in which two sides use verbal skill and strategy to reach an agreement

Answer 69

Negotiation and | bargaining

Question 70

The lowest settlement that a person is willing to accept | in a negotiated agreement

Answer 70

Least acceptable result | LAR

Question 71

The highest possible settlement that a person could reasonably ask for and still maintain credibility in negotiating an agreement

Answer 71

Maximum supportable | position (MSP)

Question 72

A situation when two parties do not agree

Answer 72

Dispute

Question 73

A method of resolving conflict in which two sides get together to discuss a problem and arrive at a solution

Answer 73

Cooperative problem | solving

Question 74

When a neutral party is asked to help resolve a conflict

Answer 74

Third-party intervention

Question 75

A method of resolving conflict in which a neutral third party is asked to help the two parties reach an agreement

Answer 75

Mediation

Question 76

A method of resolving conflicts in which a neutral third party is asked to choose which side is correct

Answer 76

Arbitration