Growth and Development Flashcards
1
Q
What can a high pitched cry indicate
A
neurologic disorder
2
Q
Reflexes are important to assess in a newborn to assess
A
maturity of nervous system
3
Q
Caput succedaneum
A
edema
-crosses midline
4
Q
Cephalohematoma
A
does not cross midline
5
Q
Absent red light reflex may indicate
A
congenital cataracts
retinoblastoma
6
Q
Universal hearing screen frequency
A
- start at 1 month
- interventions by 6 months
7
Q
Newborn exam
A
test primitive reflexes
-head lag normal
8
Q
2 month old language
A
- cooing sounds
- vocalizes sounds that reflect happiness or being upset
9
Q
2 month old personal social
A
focus on face smile
smiles responsively
10
Q
infant growth rules
A
- doubles weight by 6 months
- triple by 1 year
- gains 1 oz/day
- grow 1 inch/month
11
Q
Head circumference should increase by
A
0.5 inches per month
12
Q
2 month old gross/fine motor
A
- grasping
- able to lift head 45 degrees when prone
13
Q
Posterior fontanelle closes by
A
1-2 months
14
Q
Anterior fontanelle closes by
A
9-18 months
15
Q
4 month old gross motor
A
holds head steady
-can role supine to prone
16
Q
4 month old fine motor
A
bring hands to mouth
-swing at dangling toys
17
Q
4 month old language
A
smile spontaneously
babble
18
Q
6 month old fine motor
A
-pass things from one hand to other
19
Q
6 month old gross motor
A
sit up independently without support
-roll over in both directions
20
Q
6 month old language
A
- says consonants (dada, baba)
- curious and look around environmentj
21
Q
When should solid foods begin to be introduced
A
around 6 months
22
Q
Teeth first erupting when
A
6 months
23
Q
When should an infant be able to push themselves up on all fours
A
6 months
24
Q
When do most reflexes disappear by
A
6 months
25
Most common cause of vision problems in children
strabismus --> leading cause of amblyopia (lazy eye)
26
Test for strabismus
cover-uncover test
| corneal light reflection test
27
When should testing for strabismus be conducted
between 6 months through 3 years
28
9 month old find motor
- pincer grasping (between thumb and forefinger)
- waves bye bye
- can clap hands and play clapping games
- feed self with fingers
29
9 month old gross motor
pulls self up to stand
- crawls
- bears weight well
30
9 month old language
- plays peek a boo
- turns toward voice
- single syllables
31
When does stranger anxiety typically occur
by 9 months
32
Primitive reflexes in a 9 month old is normal T/F
NO FLASE
33
12 month old fine motor
- use sippy cup
| - pincer grasping
34
12 month old gross motor
stands independently
- may walk independently
- starts to cruise (moving from one furniture to next for support)
35
12 month old vocab/social
- starts to look out mirror
- paly pat-a-cake
- dada, mama
- combines syllables
36
When does an infant know their first name
some say by 7 months
37
15 month old fine motor
feed self with spoon
- drink from a cup
- put blocks in a cup
38
15 month old gross motor
- walk independently for long distances
- stoops and recovers
- stands alone
39
15 month old languge
- says 1 words
- knows 4-6 words
- follows commands with gestures
40
18 month old fine motor
- turns pages
| - tower of 2 cubes
41
18 month old gross motor
- walk backwards
| - walk up steps
42
18 month old language
says 2-3 words
| -can point to 4 body parts
43
24 month old gross motor
runs
walks up steps
-kicks ball
44
24 month old fine motor
- 4 cube tower
| - uses spoon/fork
45
24 month old language
points to pictures
| -says 6 words
46
When does toilet training begin
2 years
47
Parallel play begins at what age
1 year
48
What age can an infant start climbing stairs by crawling
1 year
49
What age can an infant start walking up and down stairs with support
2 years
50
When can a toddler start riding a tricycle
3 years
51
3 year old gross motor
tricycle
- throw ball overhand
- jump
52
3 year old fine motor
6 block tower
use scissors
-copy circle
53
When can a toddler start brushing teeth and putting on clothes with help
3 years old
54
When can a toddler start throwing a ball underhand
4 years
55
When can a toddler make a tower of 8 cubes
4 years
56
When do toddlers start playing with other children
4 years
57
When is a toddler aware of their gender
5 years
58
When can a toddler draw a person with 6 body parts
5 years
59
When can a toddler somersault and hop
5 years
60
When can a toddler print their own name
5 years
61
When do imaginary friends begin to appear
5 years
62
At what age does all speech become understandable by family
age 5
63
When can a child begin heel to toe walking
6 years
64
When do peer pressure, mood swings, and impatience typically appear
8 years old
65
When can a child begin to define 5-6 words
6 years
66
When do children begin to understand how opposites work
8 years
67
When do children begin to understand "bad"
6 years
68
What age does visual acuity improve to 20/20
by 6 years
69
When should children be completely toilet trained by
6 years
70
When can a child start riding a bicycle
6-7 years
71
When can a child draw a circle
3 years
72
When can a child draw a cross
4 years
73
Oedipal stage begins at what age and what is it
3-6
| -desire to marry the parent of the opposite sex
74
When can a child draw a stick person with 3 body parts
4 years
75
When can a child draw a person with at least 6 body parts
5 years
76
When can eating problems begin to develop
11-14 years
77
When does interest in the opposite sex increase
15-17 years
78
When does sex drive typically emerge
15-17 years
79
When does experimentation with drugs, sex, alcohol, and tobacco typically begin
-11-14 years
80
When do children understand possible consequences of their behaviors
11-14 year
81
Height completion for females typically ceases ___ years after menarche
2-2.5 years
82
What Tanner stage does penis elongate
3
83
What Tanner stage does penis thicken and increase in size
4
84
What Tanner stage do testes begin to enlarge
2
85
What Tanner stage does the scrotum color darken
3
86
What Tanner stage do breast buds develop
2
87
What Tanner stage does the breast tissue and areola remain in 1 mound
3
88
What Tanner stage does the areola/nipples separate from the mound
4
89
Piaget's Sensorimotor stage
0-2 years
- learn about the world through sensory and motor objects
- object permanence learned
90
When is object permanence learned
6-8 months
91
Preoperational stage
2-6 years
- egocentrism
- increasing language
92
Concrete operational stage
- 7-11
- declining egocentrism
- conservation
- identify
93
Formal operational stqage
- development of logical thinking
| - >12
94
Trust vs. mistrust
0-12 months
95
Autonomy vs. shame/doubt
2-3
96
Initiative vs. guilt
3-5 years
97
Industry vs. inferiority
6-11 years
98
Identity vs. role confusion
12-17 years
99
Intimacy vs. isolation
17-30 years
100
Generativity vs. stagnation
40-65 years
| -create or nurture things that will outlast them
101
Ego integrity vs. despair
>65
| -look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment
102
Elderly are most likely in what stage according to Maslow
- love and belonging
| - very few achieve self-actualization
