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3rd year, First Semester > GSTS: Prelim > Flashcards

GSTS: Prelim Flashcards

1
Q

It is the system of knowledge of the natural world gained through scientific method

A

Science

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2
Q

It is the practical applications of what we know about nature.

A

Technology

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3
Q

It is a group of people with common territory, interaction, norm, culture, etc.

A

Society

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4
Q

Who said “Modern science is a discovery
as well as an invention.”

A

John Heilbron, 2003

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5
Q

Process of scientific inquiry

Observation ____ Hypothesis ____ Empirical data for analysis _____

A

Question, experiment, conclude

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6
Q

It is something that takes a human’s sense or ability and
augments it and makes it more powerful. also who said this?

A

Technology, Mark Zuckerberg

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7
Q

the sum total of our interactions as
humans, including the interactions that we engage in to figure things out and to make things

A

Society

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8
Q

a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same
geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political
authority and dominant cultural
expectations

A

Society

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9
Q

Give three impacts of science and technology.

A
  1. The effect of science on society is
    neither entirely beneficial nor
    entirely detrimental.
  2. ST is an engine of growth
  3. ST influences society and vice versa.
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10
Q

is the study of how society, politics,
and culture affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society, politics and culture.

A

Science, Technology and Society (STS)

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11
Q

is a relatively recent discipline,
originating in the 60s and 70s, following Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions; the result of a “sociological
turn” in science studies.

A

Science Technology and society (STS)

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12
Q

Historical antecedents of ST

A
  1. Transportation and navigation
  2. Communication and record keeping
  3. Mass production
    security and protection
  4. Health and aesthetics
  5. Engineering
  6. Architecture
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13
Q

Writing system in Sumerian civilizations; its root word

A

Cuneiform; cuneus

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14
Q

Language used to write the epic of Gilgamesh

A

Cuneiform

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15
Q

1st true city

A

Uruk city

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16
Q

Symbol of power

A

Architecture

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17
Q
  1. Mountain of God
  2. Dedicated to moon
    god___
A

Great ziggurat of Ur, Nanna

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18
Q

Solved problems of
flooding, water
scarcity, farming,
harvesting, food
production

A

Irrigation and dikes

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19
Q

Used for transportation of goods in early sumerian period

A

Sailboat

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20
Q

Farm work and
food processes; usde for rice mill

A

Wheel

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21
Q

Used to dig the ground; cultivate land

A

Plow

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22
Q

for easier transportation. First ____ were recorded in what civilization;

A

Roads

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23
Q

Founded by Amorites

A

Babylonia

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24
Q

The first Sets of laws on religion, agriculture, administration

A

CODE OF
HAMMURABI

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25
Q

Gods & Goddesses
–birth ,sorrows,
suffering,
happiness, death

A

Religion

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26
Q

Meaning of polytheists

A

they worship many gods

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27
Q

Tombs fro pharaohs
and queens

A

Pyramids

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28
Q

Long journey after
life on earth

A

Mummification

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29
Q

Safe-keeping of
records that were
often destroyed by
raiders

A

Papyrus

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30
Q

Soot with different
chemicals; used to Record history,
culture and codified laws

A

Ink

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31
Q

Holy writing
; found in the Walls of pyramids

A

HIEROGLYPHICS

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32
Q

Health and
aesthetics; Makeup protections,
holiness

A

COSMETICS

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33
Q

Wigs-protection
against sunrays, lice

A

WIG

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34
Q

Water clock; Gravity that affects
flow of water from
vessel to another

A

CLEPSYDRA

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35
Q

Use of water or
pebbles/sand that
dropped into drums
which creates
sound

A

Greek alarm clock

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36
Q

Used by the greeks for Agricultural
processes

A

Water mill

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37
Q

Measures distance; Greek

A

Odometer

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38
Q

Olympics

A

Religious festival in
honor of Zeus

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39
Q

Geometric facts for
deductive
reasoning; invented by the Greeks

A

Geometry

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40
Q

Used to cure Symptoms of
pneumonia,
epilepsy, etc.; originated in Greece

A

Medicine

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41
Q

Hippocrates-Father
of Medicine

A

HIPPOCRATIC
OATH

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42
Q

What the Greeks did to the Human body

A

EXPERIMENTS

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43
Q

Acta diurna
* Gazzettes
* Government
information; Roman

A

Newspaper

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44
Q

Bound books
covered with wax
then replaced with
animal skin; Roman

A

Codex

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45
Q

Roman numerals

A

Numerals

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46
Q

Made by the Romans, aka Republican
calendar

A

Julian
calendar

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47
Q

Precursor of steam
engine; Aka Hero’s engine

A

AEOLIPILE

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48
Q

Medieval artillery
for hurling
stones, as missile weapon; Invented by the Romans

A

Catapult

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49
Q

Water from
aqueducts
circulated through
walls to cool houses; invented by the Romans

A

AIR
CONDITIONER

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50
Q

exchange
of culture,
knowledge, goods; Chinese

A

Trade

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51
Q

Wheel-based
machine that
shreds tea leaves
intro strips; From China

A

Tea Shredder

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52
Q

Control boarders of
China; Made with stone,
brick, wood, etc.

A

GREAT WALL OF
CHINA

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53
Q

Alchemist
* Charcoal, sulfur,
potassium nitrate
* Weapon
* Fireworks
; invented by the Chineses

A

GUN POWDER

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54
Q

Marked Between the fall of roman empire and beginning of renaissance; Marked by massive invasions and migrations

A

Medieval/ Middle Ages/ Dark ages

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55
Q

Invented by Johan Guttenberg
* Wooden machine
that extracted
juices from fruits
* Metal impressions
create exact copy

A

Printing Press

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56
Q

For observation of
small organisms

A

Microscope

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57
Q

Who invented the Microscope during the Medieval ages?

A

Zacharias Janssen

58
Q

Who invented the printing press during the Medieval ages?

A

Johan Guttenberg

59
Q

Who is the father of modern science? astronomer

A

Galileo Galilei

60
Q

Who invented the telescope during the Medieval ages?

A

Hans Lippershey

61
Q

Used for Offense & defense
* Cross bow. Long
bow
* Body armors during the Medieval ages.

A

War weapons

62
Q

Modern Ages is also known as?

A

Industrial revolution

63
Q

Industrialization
- Increase in population
- Demands more goods, faster transportation, more effective communication,
developments in health and education

A

Modern ages

64
Q

Transition to new manufacturing processes from 1760 to 1840

A

Modern ages

65
Q

James Watt; Heat to motion; during the industrial revolution.

A

Steam engine

66
Q

Invented by Louis Pasteur during the industrial revolution.

A

PASTEURIZATION

67
Q

Heat processing
liquids/foods to kill
bacteria

A

PASTEURIZATION

68
Q

Who invented the oil refinery?

A

Samuel M. Kier

69
Q

It is Invented kerosene
from refining

A

OIL REFINERY

70
Q

Who invented the Telephone?

A

Alexander Graham
Bell

71
Q

Communication tool during the industrial ages

A

Telephone

72
Q

Who invented the Mechanical calculator??

A

Blaise Pascal

73
Q

He discovered and invented electricity

A

William Gilbert

74
Q

These are forces in friction
* Benjamin Franklin experimentations in ______

A

Electricity

75
Q

Invented the T-car

A

Henry Ford

76
Q

Who invented the first airplane?

A

Orville & Wilbur
Wright

77
Q

Filipino sword
* Used by Datus and
Sultans as symbol
of power, wealth,
status

A

Kampilan

78
Q

Indigenous scripts of pre-colonial Philippines

A

Baybayin

79
Q

invented by the Filipino Dr. Abelardo Aguilar
* antibiotic

A

ERYTHROMYCIN

80
Q

who invented the SALAMANDER
AMPHIBIOUS
TRICYCLE

A

Dominic Chung,
Lamberto Armada

81
Q

It is a Sustainable
Alternative Lighting
Lamp; who invented it?

A

Salt lamp, Aisa Mijeno

82
Q

The Filipino who invented the medical incubator

A

Dr. Fe Del Mundo

83
Q

Jeepney that Uses electricity
instead of diesel

A

E-jeepney

84
Q

Four parts of the scientific revolution

A

Copernican Revolution,

Darwinian Revolution,

Freudian Revolution,

Baconian Revolution

85
Q

Who said “All significant breakthroughs
are break -“withs” old ways
of thinking.”

A

Thomas Kuhn

86
Q

An important change that
happens when a new and different way replaces the
usual way of thinking about or doing something

A

PARADIGM SHIFT

87
Q

PARADIGM SHIFT process

A

Anomalies;

Normal science confirms validity of existing paradigm;

Paradigm;

Scientific revolution;

Major changes due to research

88
Q

It is the rise of contemporary science during the early modern period.

A

INTELLECTUAL
REVOLUTION

89
Q

This era is when developments in
mathematics, physics, astronomy,
biology (including human anatomy),
and chemistry changed how society viewed the natural world

A

INTELLECTUAL
REVOLUTION

90
Q

a fundamental transformation in scientific ideas across institutions
supporting scientific investigation and in the more widely held picture
of the universe.

A

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION

91
Q

*the most significant period of discovery and growth of the sciences in
the whole of history; a fundamental transformation in scientific ideas

A

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION

92
Q
  • a series of events that marked the emergence of modern
    science during the early modern period
A

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION

93
Q

Took place in Europe towards the end of the Renaissance period.

A

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION

94
Q

Period where people took interest in Science

A

Renaissance

95
Q

The first paradigm shift in intellectual
revolution was on the field of? what particular specialization?

A

astronomy, cosmology

96
Q

It is the scientific study of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside
the Earth’s atmosphere.

A

Astronomy

97
Q

It is the study of the
universe and its components, how
it formed, how its has evolved and
what is its future.

A

Cosmology

98
Q

A Greek Philosopher who Proposed Geocentrism, earth-centered belief

A

Aristotle

99
Q

Greco-Roman mathematician,
philosopher and astronomer;
He improved Aristotle’s observation by
using measurements using epicycles-planetary orbits.

A

Claudius Ptolemy

100
Q

one of the greatest discoveries of that time (medieval ages)

A

Geocentric model

101
Q

Earth is the center of the universe

A

Geocentrism

102
Q

Greek astronomer and mathematician; He Postulated Heliocentrism

A

Aristarchus of Samos

103
Q

Nicolaus Copernicus

A

his findings supported the heliocentric
model written in his book “On the
Revolutions of the Celestial
Spheres”

104
Q

This took off with
the acquisition of more precise data
on the movement and position of
planets around the sun.

A

Copernican Revolution

105
Q

Several astronomers supported heliocentrism.

A

Johannes Kepler, Tycho Brahe, Galileo Galilei

106
Q

It is the most precise
equipment available before the telescope by

A

Tychonic system, Tycho Brahe

107
Q

His telescopic observation of the four moons of Jupiter proved that celestial bodies did not revolve around the sun on his book called _____

A

Galileo Galilei

The starry messenger

108
Q

He proved that planets moved in elliptical
orbits around the sun.

A

Tycho Brahe

109
Q

Law of Planetary Motion

A

Johannes Kepler

110
Q

He brought the triumph of
heliocentrism by using gravity to explain the movement of the
planets around the sun

A

Isaac Newton

111
Q

Authored “Theory of Evolution by Natural
Selection”,

A

Charles Darwin

112
Q

the genetic make up of a population changed (evolution)
depending on the conditions dictated
by the environment (natural selection)

A

“Theory of Evolution by Natural
Selection”

113
Q

English naturalist obsessed in nature

A

Charles Darwin

114
Q

It is the Organismal adaptation and evolution was through the process of natural
selection

A

“The origin of species”

115
Q

Well known in the field of Psychology,
he was able to change people’s
perception of psychology

A

Sigmund Freud

116
Q

Darwin’s Evolution by natural selection therefore became the paradigm shift to the paradigm of
creation.

A

DARWINIAN REVOLUTION

117
Q

The study that explains human
behavior.

A

Psychoanalysis

118
Q

operates in pursuit of pleasure (pleasure seeking)

A

id

119
Q

governed by the reality
principle

A

ego

120
Q

to pursue idealistic
goals and perfection

A

superego

121
Q

Three forces of psychical
apparatus

A

id, ego, superego

122
Q

love
preserves unity

A

Eros

123
Q

promotes
destructions

A

Death

124
Q

Two instinct behaviors

A

Eros and death

125
Q

driving force of
instinct

A

Libido

126
Q

It is the behavior and development of an individual are influenced by the
interaction between the conscious and unconscious aspects of the
person’s mind.

A

Psychosexual Theory

127
Q

Role of Dreams

A

Every dream represents a
wish fulfillment.

128
Q

sexuality the root of personality

A

Understanding of Self

129
Q

Understanding of Self

A

FREUDIAN REVOLUTION

130
Q

Philosophers believed that all knowledge could be obtained through pure reasoning, and that there was no need to actually go out and measure
anything.

A

BACONIAN REVOLUTION

131
Q

Father of science

A

Aristotle

132
Q

Gave importance to the use of measurement and observation as a tool for gaining knowledge as it should be supported by real
world findings.

A

Aristotle

133
Q

An Islamic scholar best known for his works
on light and vision.

A

Ibn al-Haytham

134
Q

One of the earliest European
scholars to refine the scientific
methods.

A

Roger Bacon

135
Q

Process of scientific method

A

State the problem

Test the hypothesis

interpret the data

publish the findings

136
Q

He developed the idea of (1) making
observations, (2) hypothesizing and
(3) experimenting to test the
hypothesis.

A

Roger Bacon

137
Q

He developed the scientific method.

A

Francis Bacon

138
Q

He argued that controlled
scientific experimentation is essential
for understanding nature.

A

Francis Bacon

139
Q

He argued that scientific knowledge is
obtained after making observations and
then utilizing inductive reasoning to
interpret the observations.

A

Francis Bacon

140
Q

is a systematic approach
used to establish scientific
knowledge or modify existing knowledge.

A

Scientific method

141
Q

It led to the creation
of new knowledge systems, social
hierarchies, and networks of thinkers.

A

Scientific Revolution

3rd year, First Semester (13 decks)

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