Gtg Flashcards
(84 cards)
1
Q
Chemical messengers that effect specific targets
A
Hormones
2
Q
How are horomones transported through the body
A
The blood stream
3
Q
Five functions of hormones
A
Water balance, contractions and milk release, blood glucose control, reproductive control, immune system regulation
4
Q
What gland is located above each kidney
A
Adrenal
5
Q
What gland is located on each side of the uterus
A
Ovary
6
Q
What gland is located under the brain in the sella turcica
A
Pituitary
7
Q
What gland is located in front of the upper part of the trachea
A
Thyroid
8
Q
What gland is located in the scrotal sad
A
Testes
9
Q
What gland is located behind and attached to the thyroid
A
Parathyroid
10
Q
What gland is the glandular organ behind the stomach
A
Pancreas
11
Q
What hormone is used in metabolism of glucose
A
Insulin
12
Q
What hormone stimulates secretion of milk
A
Prolactin
13
Q
What hormone is growth hormone stimulates normal body growth
A
HGH (human growth hormone)
14
Q
What hormone regulates the amount of calcium in the blood
A
Calcitonin, parathyroid
15
Q
What hormone stimulates growth and development of sex organs in males
A
Testosterone
16
Q
What hormone increases metabolic rate, stimulates physical and mental growth
A
T4
17
Q
What hormone stimulates growth and secretion of the thyroid gland
A
TSH
18
Q
What gland is affected by diabetes mellitus
A
Pancreas
19
Q
What gland is affected by Cushing’s syndrome
A
Pituitary
20
Q
What gland is affected by giantism
A
Pituitary
21
Q
What gland is affected by hyperthyroidism
A
Thyroid
22
Q
What gland is affected by Addison’s disease
A
Adrenal
23
Q
What gland is affected by acromegaly
A
Pituitary
24
Q
What gland is affected by hypoparathyroidism
A
Parathyroid
25
What gland is affected by cretinism
Thyroid
26
What gland is affected by dwarfism
Pituitary
27
What gland is affected by goiter
Thyroid
28
What does pineal body do
Produces melatonin, third eye
29
Endocrine glands secrete hormones where
Directly into body fluids such as blood
30
The action of a hormone is directed at what
Target cells
31
A major difference between stoke and other types of hormones is what
A steroid hormone is lipid soluble
32
What are prostaglandins
Synthesized from arachidonic acid in cell membranes
33
A characteristic of the negative feedback system that regulates hormones secretions is what
Excretion of inhibitory effect on the gland
34
The pituitary gland consists of what
Both an anterior and posterior lobe
35
The hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland include everything but
Oxytocin
36
What pituitary hormone regulates fluid balance
ADH
37
What is a function of the thyroid gland
Maturation of the nervous system
38
Hypothyroidism in an infant can lead to what
Mental retardation
39
The effect of parathyroid hormone is to what
Stimulate the bone to release ionized calcium
40
Injury to or removal of the parathyroid glands is likely to result in what
Kidney stones
41
The adrenal hormone aldosterone belongs to a category of cortical hormones called what
Mineralcorticoids
42
The actions of cortisol does not include what
Conversion of water
43
Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortical hormones produces what
Addison's disease
44
The action of insulin that most directly leads to low blood sugar is what
Facilitating the transport of glucose accross the cell membrane
45
The hormone melatonin is secreted by what
The pineal gland
46
The thymus gland produces a hormone that is important in the differentiation of what
White blood cells
47
T or f chronobiology is the study of body rhythms such as circadian rhythm
True
48
T or f parathyroid and growth hormones are examples of protein related hormones
True
49
T or f steroid hormones activate specific genes which instruct the cell the synthesize specific compounds
True
50
T or f cAMP is an infra cellular substance that is always active
False
51
T or f hormone secretion is controlled solely by direct stimulation by the autonomic division of the central nervous system
False, sympathetic division
52
T or f Glucagon and insulin are released by the pancreas in response to changes in the internal environment
True
53
T or f releasing hormones from the hypothalamus control secretion form the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, and nerve impulses directly stimulate the axons of neurosecetory cells in the posterior lobe
True
54
T or f FSH AND LH are gonadotropin
True
55
T or f ACTH stimulates release of hormones of both the adrenal cortex and the medulla
False, only the adrenal cortex
56
T or f oxytocin is an anterior pituitary hormone
False, posterior
57
T or f oxytocin can be used to minimize the risk of post partum hemorrhage
True
58
T or f the two lobes of the thyroid gland are located on either side of the trachea superior to the larynx
False, inferior
59
T or f thyronine is the most active of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland
False, t3
60
T or f catatonic increases excretion of calcium by the kidney
True
61
T or f the parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland
True
62
T or f the adrenal glands are anatomically closely associated with the liver
False, the kidneys
63
T or f hormones of the adrenal medulla are released in response to an anterior pituitary gland hormones
False
64
T or f aldosterone secretion increases blood pressure
True
65
Name the gland and function of growth hormone
Anterior pituitary, growth of all body tissues
66
Name the gland and function of TSH
anterior pituitary, stimulates thyroid to produce thyroid hormones
67
Name the gland and function of ACTH
Anterior pituitary, stimulated adrenal cortex, AIDS in protection the body in stress situations
68
Name the gland and function of prolactin
Anterior pituitary, stimulates milk secretion
69
Name the gland and function of follicle stimulating hormone
Anterior pituitary, stimulates growth and hormones in sex organs
70
Name the gland and function of luteinizing hormone
Anterior pituitary, development of corpus luteum at the site of a ruptures ovary
71
Name the gland and function of antidiuretic hormone
Posterior pituitary Promotes reabsorption of water in kidney tubules
72
Name the gland and function of oxytocin
Pastor pituitary Causes contraction of uterine muscles, causes ejection of milk
73
Name the gland and function of thyroid hormone
Thyroid gland, increases metabolic rate, influencing both physical and mental activites
74
Name the gland and function of calcitonin
Thyroid gland, decreases blood calcium levels
75
Name the gland and function of parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid gland, increases blood calcium levels
76
Name the gland and function of cortisol
Adrenal cortex, AIDS in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
77
Name the gland and function of Aldosterone
Adrenal cortex, regulate water and electrolyte balance
78
Name the gland and function of epinephrine and norepinephrine
Adrenal medulla, acts as neurotransmitters, increases blood pressure and heart rate
79
Name the gland and function of insulin
Pancreas, AIDS in the transport of glucose into cells
80
Name the gland and function of testosterone
Testes, stimulates growth and development of male sexual organs
81
Name the gland and function of estrogen
Ovaries, stimulates growth of primary femal sexual organs
82
Name the gland and function of progesterone
Ovaries, stimulates the development of secretory parts of the mammary glands
83
Name the gland and function of melatonin
Pineal gland, regulates sexual development net and sleep wake cycle
84
Name the gland and function of thymosin
Thymus, aid in development of t-lymphocytes
