Gut Development Flashcards
(22 cards)
What does the end of the hindgut form? Allantois?
Anorectal canal. Urogenital sinus
What separates the thorax from the abdomen during the 2nd month?
Transverse septum, pleuroperitoneal membranes
What transcription factors are responsible for the development of the foregut?
HHex, Sox2, Foxa2
What is the division of endoderm and ectoderm in the anal canal called in an adult?
Pectinate line
Which pancreatic bud gives rise to the uncinate process and accompanying main pancreatic duct?
Ventral pancreatic bud
What congenital abnormality results from a failure of the midgut to return into the abdominal cavity?
Omphalocele
What are the two rotation abnormalities that can occur during development?
Nonrotation: the midgut fails to rotate resulting the small intestine and large intestine laying side by side
Reverse rotation: the midgut rotates counterclockwise (from the perspective of the embryo) and results in the transverse colon being behind the duodenum
The stomach is demarcated by the gene expression of which gene?
Barx1
What degrees of rotation does the midgut undergo and in what direction?
270 degrees, clockwise (from the perspective of the embryo)
What two structures divide the cloacal membrane?
Urorectal septum and proctodeum
What is an imperforate anus?
Failure of the urorectal septum to meet the proctodeum and terminate the cloacal membrane
What is the transition point that FGF4 demarcates? FGF10?
Foregut to midgut. Cecum (small intestine to large intestine)
The omental bursa is initially continuous with what space?
The lesser sac
The anal pit is derived from what embryological tissue?
Ectoderm
What congenital abnormality results in a restriction of food passage and can lead to severe projectile vomiting?
Congenital pyloric stenosis
What is an open connection between the intestinal lumen and the outside (via the umbilicus) called?
Umbilicoileal fistula
What defect can arise from malrotation of the ventral pancreatic bud?
Annular pancreas
What is a hindgut fistula?
Any connection between the hindgut and the urogenital sinus
What can occur when the anterior abdominal muscles fail to join and form the linea alba?
Umbilical hernia
Which duct does the dorsal pancreatic bud give rise to?
Accessory pancreatic duct
Which transcription factors initiate Hox expression in the midgut and hindgut?
Cdx2, Pdx1
What is Meckel’s diverticulum and where is it usually found?
Remnant of the vitelline duct/ yolk sac. Found at the iliocecal junction
