H&N week 7- Mandibular nerve & muscles of mastication

Question 1

Label this diagram of the mandible

Answer 1

Question 2

What is this?

Answer 2

The pterygoid fovea-

A little depression on the front of the neck of the mandible.

It is part of the attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle.

Question 3

What is the oblique line?

Answer 3

Where the buccinator attaches to the mandible.

Question 4

Compare the mental protuberance and mental tubercle?

Answer 4

The mental protuberance is the forward projection of the chin

The mental tubercle is the raised part on each side of the metal protuberance (there are 2)

Question 5

Compare the mylohyoid line and mylohyoid grove.

Answer 5

Mylohyoid line is the attachment of the mylohyoid muscle.

Mylohyoid grove is where the nerve to the mylohyoid sits.

Question 6

Label this diagram.

Answer 6

Question 7

What is the submandibular fossa?

Answer 7

This is where the submandibular gland lies.

Question 8

What is the sublingual fossa

Answer 8

This is where the sublingual salivary gland lies.

Question 9

What is the digastric fossa

Answer 9

Where the anterior belly of digastric attaches on either side of.

Question 10

Compare the upper and lower mental spines

Answer 10

Upper mental spines provide an attachmetn for the genioglossal muscle.

Lower mental spines provide an attachment for the geniohyoid muscles.

Question 11

What is vincent’s angina?

Answer 11

When a bad infection in the floor of the mouth or the submandibular region tracts back & is taken into the thorax

Question 12

Discuss the relationship between the abcess location and mylohyoid line in Vincent’s angina.

Answer 12

If the abcess bursts above the mylohyodi line (Infective materials go to the floor of the mouth)
If the abcess bursts below the mylohyoid liine (Infective materials go into the submandibular region (betwen the skin under the denture and the mylohyoid muscle)

Question 13

Label this diagram of the palate.

Answer 13

Question 14

What is contained in the Incisive fossa?

Answer 14

4 canals (2 for the nasopalatine nerves and 2 for the greater palatine artery)

Question 15

what bones make up the bony palate?

Answer 15

The horizontal plate of the palatine bone

&

Palatine process of the maxilla .

Question 16

Name and discuss A.

Answer 16

The lesser palatine foramen which carry the lesser palatine nerves (providing sensation to the soft palate)

Question 17

What is the pterygoid hamulus?

Answer 17

This is the A bony projection at the bottom end of the medial pterygoid plate.

It acts as a pully for the tendon of the tensor Veli palatini muscle.

Which allows the muscle to change direction.

Question 18

What is the function of the palatine crest?

Answer 18

The attachment of the palatine aponeurosis

Question 19

Label this diagram of the pterygoid muscles and mandibular nerve.

Answer 19

Question 20

What is the pterygoid venous plexus?

Answer 20

A lot of veins found among the fat deep to the ramus.

Question 21

What is the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 21

The area of head deep to the ramus of the mandible.

Question 22

Name and compare the two heads of the lateral pterygoid

Answer 22

Superior head (Comes from the base of the skull and gives way to a tendon that attaches to the capsule of the TMJ)

Inferior head (Comes from the lateral side of the pterygoid plate and attaches the TMJ.

Question 23

Compare the two heads of the medial pterygoid?

Answer 23

Superficial head- comes from the maxillary tuberosity and is located nearer the surface.

Deep head- Comes from the medial side of the lateral pterygoid plate.

Question 24

Compare the medial and lateral pterygoid functions

Answer 24

Lateral pterygoid protracts the mandible.

Medial pterygoid elevates and protracts the mandible.

Question 25

What Seperates the two compartments of the TMJ?

Answer 25

The articular disc.

Question 26

Label this diagram of the mandibular nerve

Answer 26

Question 27

What is the chordae Tympani

Answer 27

A branch of the facial nerve that caries the fibres associated with taste.

Question 28

Label this diagram

Answer 28

*NOT MODULUS- MODIOLUS

Question 29

Label this diagram

Answer 29

Question 30

Label this diagram

Answer 30

Question 31

Compare the Superior and Inferior temporal lines

Answer 31

The superior temporal line is the attachment of the temporal fascia.

The inferior temporal line is the upper limit of the muscle.

Question 32

Compare the types of fibres found in the temporalis

Answer 32

Anterior fibres- thee run vertically and contract causing elevation.

Posterior fibres- these run Diagonally and contract causing retraction.

Question 33

What does the parotid duct pierce to enter the oral cavity?

Answer 33

The buccinator

Question 34

What is the Modiolus?

Answer 34

The criss-crossing of the buccinator fibres which causes a thickening of the muscles at the corner of the mouth.