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Flashcards in HAC- EBM Deck (22)
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1
Q

Pneumonia

A

inflammation of lung due to microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasite)

2
Q

pneumonitis

A

inflammation of lung due to factors other than microbial. (chemicals, bird feces, gastric contents, asbestos, silica)

3
Q

Bronchitis

A

inflammation of bronchi or bronchial tubes
cough
green, clear, yellow sputum

4
Q

community acquired pneumonia

A

CAP

- presumed to be infectious from contact within the community

5
Q

healthcare associated pneumonia

A

HCAP

6
Q

healthcare acquired pneumonia

A

pneumonia occurs 48 or more hours after admission which was not incubating at time of admission

7
Q

ventilator associated pneumonia

A

arises more than 48-72 hrs after

8
Q

Most common pathogen detected with pneumonia

A
  1. Thinovirus
  2. Influenza A/B
  3. S. pneumoniae
9
Q

Symptoms of pneumonia

A

cough, fever, SOB, fatigue, malaise

10
Q

signs of pneumonia

A
  • consolidation on CXR
  • air bronchogram
  • elevated WBC
  • hypoxemia
  • dullness to percussion
  • tactile
  • tachypnea
    fever
    rales
    egophony and dullness to perfussion
    hemoptysis

CXR- pleural effusion, abscess, broniial pbreath sounds

11
Q

CURB-65

A

tool to decide of pt needs to be admitted

Confusion
BUN > 20
RR > 3- BP (SBP 65

0-1 = low risk (Outpt)
2==hospital admission
>2 assess for admission to ICU

in outpt BUN could be dropped and a score of 1 could suggest hospitalization

12
Q

Which CURB criteria is lowest reason to admit

A

age

13
Q

Decision making tools for pneumonia

A

CURB-65
SMART COP
PSI - stratifies adults into 5 categories for risk of death in 30 days from all causes

14
Q

First lines of treatment for CAP in healthy

A
azithromycin
doxycycline (first line if macrolide resistance > 20%)
15
Q

Treat CAP with pt with other comorbidities (heart dz, lung dz, liver, etc) WHAAAT

A

azithro PLUS beta
fluoroquinolone
beta lactam PLUS macrolide

16
Q

Treatment for INPT ICU treatment

A

beta lactam plus either arithromycin or fluoroquinolone

17
Q

If worried about pseudomonas

A

antipneumococcal, antipseudomonal beta lactam

pip-tazo plus cipro or levo

18
Q

Lights criteria

A
  • tells whether effusion fluid is transudate or exudate; if at least one of following three criteria filled, fluid = exudate

Protein Fluid/Protein Body > 0.5
LDH Fluid/ LDH Body > 0.6
LDA Fluid > 2/3 upper limit of normal

19
Q

Parapneumonic effusion

A

effusion assd with pneumonia

  • occur in 40% cases
  • usually resolves w/antibiotics alone
  • can do VATS or chest tube
20
Q

most common cause of post-influenza pneumonia

A

complication of influenza

Strep pneumo most common but we worry about staph as well

21
Q

Vaccines for pneumonia

A

Over 65, now everyone gets Prevnar then get pneumovax a year later

22
Q

MONA criteria

A
Morphine
oxygen
nitroglycerin
aspirin
beta blocker