Pediatrics 7/8 Flashcards

1
Q

2 nephrogenic forms of hypertention

A
  1. Renin Mediated

2. Volume overload

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2
Q

Normal GFR in preterm/term baby

A

Preterm: 15 ml/mon/1.73m2
Term: 20 ml/min/1.73 m2

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3
Q

What defines normotensive in kids

A

> 90%ile for sex/age/length

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4
Q

Ford’s Four

A

Kidney Function (filtration/tubular activity)
Blood pressure
Urine (blood/protein?)
Anatomy (i.e. ultrasound)

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5
Q

Types of proteinuria in kids

A
  • Transient
  • Orthostatic: not persistent; leak protein when up on feet, etc
  • Persistent: what we worry about; check a 1st morning void r/p transient
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6
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome characteristics

A
  1. Nephrotic range proteinuria (Upr:cr >2)—HAVE TO HAVE
  2. Low serum albumin
  3. Edema
  4. High Serum cholesterol—should be high with MCD. If nl, have lymphoma, lupus
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7
Q

Hematuria

A

5-10 RBCs /hpf on 3 separate checks

need to confirm with U/A with micro

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8
Q

Nephritis

A
  1. RBC casts on microscopic urine!!!
  2. Edema
  3. Hypertension
    4; Acute kidney injury
    - CHECK C3
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9
Q

Basic physiology of nephrotic syndrome

A

Glomeruli are leaky; intravascular volume depleted

Diuretics contraindicated

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10
Q

Basic physiology of nephritis

A

Gloms are inflammed, so volume overloaded/hypertensive

Diuretics indicated
Edema caused by increase in hydrostatic pressure

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11
Q

Low C3 indicates…

A
Acute Post-infectious GN:
- C3 normalizes in 4-6 weeks
Lupus
- C3 corresponds with lupus flairs
Membranoproliferative
- C3 remains low (hypocomplementemic GN)
- treat with 2 years on steroids
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12
Q

Most common nephritis?

A

IgA Nephropathy

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13
Q

Renal Tubular Acidosis

A

Non-gap metabolic acidosis without diarrhea (

3 types
Type I: distal; can’t acidify urine; RARE
Type II: most common; proximal tubule; can’t reabsorb enough bicarb but grow out of it; compensate with more bicarb
Type III: mixed

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