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2nd shift lecs > Hair cleansers and conditioners > Flashcards

Hair cleansers and conditioners Flashcards

1
Q

Designed to:
- Remove all kinds of soilage
- beautify the hair and make it easier to handle

A

Shampoo

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2
Q

Shampoos with active ingredients for preventing and treating dandruff

A

ANTI-DANDRUFF SHAMPOOS

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3
Q

Conditioner is designed to repair:

A
  • Chemical damage
    (Bleaching, waving)
  • Environmental Damage
    (Exposure to UV rays, salt
    water and chlorine)
  • Physical Damage
    (Includes excessive combing
    or mechanical brushing)
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4
Q

Designed to replace natural lipids removed by shampooing and facilitate hair managing and styling

A

conditioners

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5
Q

applied after cleaning the hair as rinse-off or leave-on preparation

A

conditioners

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6
Q
  • Remove sebum and dirt from the hair and scalp
  • Good foaming property
  • Non-irritating to the eyes
  • Acts as vehicle for the deposition of beneficial materials onto the hair and scalp
    > Mainly refer to hair conditioning agents
    > 2-in-1 products
    > Shampoos with conditioners
A

Shampoo

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7
Q
  • Surfactants
  • Thickeners
  • Water
  • Preservatives
  • Opacifiers and pearlescent agents
  • Conditioners
  • pH buffers
  • Chelating agents
  • Additional ingredients
    > To support certain product claims
  • Active ingredients
A

Composition of shampoo

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8
Q

Function:

Good cleansing

A

Anionic surfactant

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9
Q

Examples of Anionic surfactant

A

Lauryl/laureth
sulfates,
sarcosinates,
sulfosuccinates

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10
Q

Function:

Add softness and manageability

Added as conditioning agents,
owing to their affinity to negative charge of the hair

A

Cationic surfactants

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11
Q

Examples of cationic surfactants

A

cetrimonium chloride

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12
Q

Function:

Add foam and manageability

Commonly combined with non-ionics

A

Amphoteric surfactants

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13
Q

Examples of Amphoteric surfactants

A

Betaines,
Alkyl amino acids

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14
Q

Function:

Co-surfactants, rheology modifier
(enhance viscosity of the product)

Not very good cleansers

A

Non-ionic surfactants

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15
Q

Examples of Non-ionic surfactants

A

Poloxamers,
Amine oxides

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16
Q

Function:

Increase viscosity & product feel
Surfactant-based system

A

Thickeners

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17
Q

Examples of thickeners

A

NaCl (or other low concentration
electrolytes), Gums, Cellulose,
Carbomer

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18
Q

Project product formulation from
microbial contamination

A

Preservatives

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19
Q

Examples of preservatives

A

Parabens,
Isothiazolones

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20
Q

Function:

Add pearly,
shimmering effect
For aesthetic appeal

A

Opacifiers and pearlescent
agents

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21
Q

Examples of Opacifiers and pearlescent agents

A

Polyglycol esters,
Latex opacifiers

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22
Q

Function:

Makes hair soft and shiny

A

Conditioners

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23
Q

Examples of conditioners

A

Quats, Glycerin, Silicones

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24
Q

Function:

Shifts pH to neutral range

Especially important for shampoos
intended to be used after chemical
treatment like waving or bleaching the hair, which leaves the hair with an alkaline pH

A

pH buffers

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25
Q

Examples of pH buffers

A

Citric acid,
Glycolic acid

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26
Q

Function:

Binds metal ions

Metal ions are present in water
which may cause instability

A

Chelating agents

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27
Q

Examples of chelating agents

A

EDTA

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28
Q

Function:

Affects product feel or appearance

A

Additional ingredients

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29
Q

Examples of additional ingredients

A

Colorant, Perfumes, Botanical extracts, Vitamins

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30
Q

Function:

Special effects

A

Active ingredients

31
Q

Examples of active ingredients

A

antidandruff actives

32
Q

Function:

Vehicle for liquid shampoos

A

Water

33
Q

Types of shampoo

A
  • normal hair shampoo
  • oily hair shampoo
  • dry hair shampoo
  • Everyday shampoos
  • Deep cleansing shampoos
  • Baby shampoos
  • Gray hair shampoos
  • Hair dyeing shampoos
  • Medicated shampoos
  • Dry shampoos
34
Q
  • Intended to be used for hair that has not been chemically processed and produced moderate sebum
  • Formulation should offer good cleaning with minimal conditioning
A

Normal hair shampoo

35
Q
  • Removes excess sebum from the hair and scalp
  • Contain strong surfactants with none to minimal conditioning
  • Conditioners are not needed for oily hair with excess sebum production
A

Oily hair shampoos

36
Q
  • Gentle cleansing
  • Uses mild surfactants like sulfosuccinates and good conditioning
  • Provide thin coating over the hair fiber through the static electricity
  • Enhance manageability of the hair
A

Dry hair shampoos

37
Q

For daily use without drying the hair or depositing much oil

A

Everyday shampoos

38
Q
  • To cleanse the hair thoroughly from retained hair styling products like hair gels and hair sprays
  • Contain strong surfactants
    >Similar to oily hair shampoos
  • Used once a week only
A

Deep cleansing shampoos

39
Q
  • Contain mild surfactants like betaines
  • Required to be non-irritating
A

Baby shampoos

40
Q
  • To make gray hair brighter and less yellowish through the use of blue dyes
  • Care should be observed to prevent overuse
    > Result in unnatural blue hue of the hair
A

Gray hair shampoos

41
Q
  • Specially formulated to be used after permanent hair dyeing
  • Contain cationic surfactants
  • Have a acidic pH to neutralize the residual alkalinity from hair dye chemicals
A

Hair dyeing shampoos

42
Q

Contain active ingredients to relieve itching, and scaling
Ex: Antidandruff

A

Medicated shampoos

43
Q
  • Formulated as powder mixtures with oil absorbing actives like starch, kaolin, and talc
  • Added or used for touch ups when there is no time to wash the hair
  • To remove sebum from the hair
  • Replaced by liquid shampoos, because they are more effective for cleansing and conditioning the hair
A

Dry shampoos

44
Q

One of the most common skin diseases of the scalp

A

dandruff

45
Q

Dandruff is considered to be a mild form of ______________

A

seborrheic dermatitis

46
Q
  • Caused by increased rate of cell turnover
  • Leads to cell clumping
A

dandruff

47
Q
  • Hormones,
  • Emotional stress,
  • Sebum,
  • Scalp occlusion,
  • Increased alkalinity, and
  • Malassezia (fungus)
A

Causes of dandruff

48
Q

is an effective antifungal that slows
down cell turnover

A

Zinc pyrithione

49
Q
  • exert keratolytic effect
  • Causes the breakdown of keratin and dead cells
  • Reducing visible flakes
  • Sulfur possesses antibacterial property
A

Sulfur and salicylic acid

50
Q

slows down rate of epidermal turnover and antiseptic
activity

A

Tar

51
Q

is an antifungal, which controls flaking and itching

A

ketoconazole

52
Q
  • Smoothen the hair, improve the gloss and luster, and recondition damaged hair
  • Deposit positive charges on the hair, reducing its negative charges and minimizing frizzy hair
A

Hair conditioner

53
Q

Hair conditioners provide the hair with permanent improvement (t of f)

A

F; temporary

54
Q

Product composition of conditioners

A
  • QUATS
  • Film-forming conditioners
  • Protein-containing conditioners
  • Silicones
55
Q
  • Cationic detergents
  • Attracted to the negatively charged hair fiber and can remain on the hair surface even after rinsing
  • Applied after shampoo and rinsed before drying the hair
A

Quaternary conditioners

56
Q

Examples of quaternary conditioners

A
  • Stearalkonium chloride
  • Cetrimonium chloride
  • Quaterniums
  • Polyquaterniums
57
Q

coat hair fibers and fill in defects in the cuticle to create a smooth surface

A

Film- forming conditioners

58
Q
  • Ideal conditioners for curly and kinky hair
  • Can make fine, straight hair limp and difficult to style
  • Applied to towel-dried hair and are left on the hair
A

Film- forming conditioners

59
Q

Examples of Film-forming conditioners

A
  • Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
60
Q

penetrate holes in the hair shaft and increase fracture strength

A

Protein-containing conditioners

61
Q
  • The longer they are left on the hair, the deeper the proteins can penetrate
  • As rinse off conditioners for minimal penetration
  • As leave-on conditioners for deeper penetrations
A

Protein-containing conditioners

62
Q

form thin film on hair without the greasy or limp hair look

A

Silicones

63
Q

Examples of silicones

A

Cyclomethicone, dimethicone

64
Q

Types of conditioners

A
  • instant
  • hair rinses
  • deep conditioners (or Hair Mask)
  • leave-in products
65
Q
  • Formulated as lotions and used on wet hair after shampooing
  • Left on the hair for a few minutes and then rinsed off
  • Improve wet combing
  • Contain quats as the main ingredient
A

INSTANT CONDITIONERS

66
Q
  • Formulated as liquids for fine oily hair
  • Aids hair detangling
  • Applied to towel-dried hair and rinsed after a few minutes
A

HAIR RINSES

67
Q
  • Available as creams or oils containing quats and hydrolyzed proteins
  • For chemically-damaged and dry hair
  • Applied on wet hair and are left on for 20 to 30 minutes before rinsing
A

DEEP CONDITIONERS (or HAIR MASKS)

68
Q
  • Oily products based on petrolatum, mineral oil, and
    silicones
  • Moisturize hair while aiding hair styling
  • Applied to towel-dried hair
A

LEAVE-IN PRODUCTS

69
Q

Performance parameters

A
  • Conditioning Effect (Combability)
  • Effect of Antidandruff Shampoos
  • Parameters associated with the efficacy of the formulation includes
    >Subjective parameters
    >Objective parameters
70
Q
  • Instrumental combing experiment
  • Measures friction generated between comb and hair during grooming
  • May be used on wet and dry hair samples
A

Conditioning Effect (Combability)

71
Q

In vitro test

A

cultivation of yeast in the
presence of active ingredient

72
Q

In vivo of product on humans

A
  • Test group vs. placebo
  • Antidandruff vs. nonmedicated
    shampoo
  • Half head technique
    > Same subject serves as their
    own control
73
Q

Subjective parameters

A

Itching, Burning

74
Q

Objective parameters - Determined by immediate analysis

A
  • Weight of flakes,
  • Size,
  • Number,
  • Area of scalp scales

2nd shift lecs (21 decks)

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