Flashcards in hand/wrist Deck (51):
1
most common peripheral nerve entrapment is called ________ and compresses which nerve?
CTS, median
2
What are the risk fx's for development of CTS?
repetitive use, pregnancy, DM, hypothyroid, RA
3
What special tests help dx CTS?
Tinels, phalens, reverse phalens.
thenar wasting and NCV/EMG
4
What are some conservative tx's of CTS?
splint, NSAIDS, B12, CS injection, activity modification
5
Commonly found soft tissue tumor of hand which is benign and treated with ______
Ganglion cyst, aspiration/sx/reassurance
6
trigger finger is caused by irritation of the ________, which can cause the finger to catch or lock in flexion or extension.
tendon
7
How do you tx trigger finger?
rest, splint, NSAID, injection, Sx
8
Pain with thumb movement while in position of ulner deviation is indicative of ________ and can be tested using the ______________
dequervains tenosynovitis, finklestein's
9
How do you treat DeQuervains
ice, rest, injection, thumb spica split, sx release
10
This is a dz of the palmar fascia due to fibromatosis nodules which restrict tendon movement
dupuytren's contracture
11
What type of fibroma occurs on the plantar side of the foot?
Ledderhose
12
What type of fibroma occurs on the knuckle pads of the fingers?
Garrod's pads
13
What type of fibroma occurs on the penis causing a curvature?
Peyronies dz
14
How do you tx fibromatous contractures?
excision or injection of collagenase
15
What is typically the first joint to be affected by OA?
CMCJ, 1st digit
16
What are some history questions you could ask to see if someone has CMCJ DJD?
Pain/grinding with wringing out a cloth, opening a jar
17
How do you tx OA of the CMCJ?
splint, NSAIDS, injections, SUSPENSIONPLASTY
18
this can lead to mucous cysts and nail deformities
DJD of DIP
19
What is the definitive tx for DIP DJD?
joint fusion
20
What will you use to tx bacterial paronychia?
Bactrim, clinda, soaks, I&D
21
How will you tx fungal paronychia?
itraconazole or thymol
22
Infection of the finger pulp
felon
23
How do you tx felon?
I&D, watchful for OM (staph)
24
4 Kanavel's signs:
1) pain w/ passive extension
2) sausage
3) finger held in flexion
4) ttp of entire tendon sheath
25
Kanavel's sign indicates __________
flexor tenosynovitis
26
What is the term for a "jammed finger"? What do you need to watch for?
mallet finger, watch for subluxated fx fragments
27
How do you tx mallet finger?
full time splint x 6 weeks
sx if subluxated
28
What is a complication of mallet finger?
swan neck deformity
29
What pathogen is most common in a human bite? So what abx?
Eikenella, give PCN/Tetra/Cephalosporin
30
What pathogen is most common in dogbite? What abx?
Pasturella, give Amox/Augmenting, Cipro
31
what should you check if you suspect a phalangeal fx?
Rotational deformity (displacement)
32
____________ is when the ulnar collateral ligament is torn or avulsed from the proximal phalanx of the thumb, when the thumb is forced back toward the forearm
gamekeeper's thumb
33
How do you tx non-displaced gamekeeper's thumb?
Spica cast
34
What is the term for when gamekeeper's thumb requires surgery due to avulsed bone fragment that is displaced?
Stener's Lesion
35
Fracture of the 5th metacarpal neck is called ________ and tx is casting in the _________position.
Boxer's Fx, short arm ulnar gutter cast
36
Worst case scenario, a scaphoid fx can lead to __________. Scaphoid fx's are common as a result of _________
avascular necrosis, FOOSH
37
How do you treat scaphoid fx?
Thumb spica if non-displaced, ORIF if displaced. NEGATIVE XRAYS DON'T MEAN ANYTHING. Cast anyway and recheck xrays in 3 weeks.
38
AVN of lunate is called:
Kienbocks Dz
39
What is the most common Salter Harris fx?
II (also has best outcome)
40
Salter Harris II
metaphysis
41
Salter Harris IV
through
42
SH V
crushed
43
SH I
across growth plate
44
SH III
epiphysis
45
Which salter harris is missed the most and diagnosed as a sprain?
SH I
46
What SH typically requires surgical intervention?
SH III, sometimes IV
47
What's another term for a torus fx?
buckle
48
Who gets buckle fractures and how?
FOOSHing kids
49
This is a fx of the distal radius with dorsal displacement following FOOSH
Colles
50
This is a fx of the distal radius from palmer flexion (carrying baby)
Smith (reverse FOOSH)
51